准噶尔盆地北三台凸起南斜坡石炭系火山岩储层特征及成藏模式

Reservoir characteristics and reservoir forming model of Carboniferous volcanic rocks on the southern slope of Beisantai Uplift, Junggar Basin

摘要

准噶尔盆地北三台凸起南斜坡石炭系内幕地层结构、储层岩性、物性及展布规律等成藏条件认识不清。基于岩心、测井和地震资料，采用井震资料结合和储层反演等方法，分析石炭系巴山组内幕旋回组合及储层特征；结合油源条件、优质储层分布及古构造特征，研究北三台凸起南斜坡石炭系火山岩成藏模式。结果表明：石炭系巴山组内幕可分为 3 个四级旋回，自下而上为巴一段、巴二段和巴三段，优势岩相集中分布于巴三段，以爆发相火山角砾岩、溢流亚相安山岩和玄武岩为主。岩性与岩相是决定火山岩储层原生储集空间发育程度的基础，储层距石炭系顶部的位置决定风化淋滤改造的强度；巴三段南部及东部火山口附近分别发育火山熔岩及火山角砾岩，溶蚀孔及构造缝相对发育，为优质储层发育区。石炭系巴山组成藏模式主要为上生下储＂倒灌＂成藏和本层侧向成藏。巴三段沉积时期，继承性的古隆起与优势岩相、成藏期次等匹配良好，是油气聚集成藏的有利条件。该结果为准噶尔盆地北三台凸起南斜坡石炭系内幕油藏勘探开发提供指导。

Abstract

In view of the unclear understanding of reservoir formation conditions such as inside formation structure, reservoir lithology, physical property and distribution law of Carboniferous system of the southern slope of Beisantai Uplift in Junggar Basin, this paper analyzes the inside cycle combination and reservoir characteristics of Carboniferous Bashan Formation from key factors such as lithology, reservoir space and rock based on core, well logging and seismic data. Combined with the distribution of oil source conditions, advantageous reservoir distribution and paleostructural characteristics, the hydrocarbon accumulation rules of inside Carboniferous volcanic reservoir in the south slope of Beisantai Uplift are revealed. The results show that the inside of the Carboniferous Bashan Formation can be divided into three quaternary cycles, which are the first member of the Bashan Formation, the second member of the Bashan Formation and the third member of the Bashan Formation. The dominant lithofacies are concentrated in the third member of Bashan Formation, mainly composed of explosive volcanic breccia, overflow subfacies andesite and basalt. Lithofacies is the basis of determining the development degree of the primary reservoir space of volcanic rock reservoir, and the location of the reservoir from the top of the Carboniferous system determines the intensity of the weathering leaching reform. The southern and eastern craters of the third member of Bashan Formation are the developing areas of high-quality reservoirs. The lithology is mainly lava and volcanic breccia which are relatively developed in solution holes and tectonic fractures respectively. The Bashan Formation reservoir model mainly consists of "backfilling" accumulation of upper and lower reservoirs and lateral accumulation of the reservoir. The paleouplift of the third member of Bashan Formation, the inheritable paleo-uplift is well matched with the dominant lithofacies and accumulation period, which is the favorable condition for oil and gas accumulation. The results provide guidance for the exploration and development of Carboniferous insider reservoirs on the south slope of Beisantai Uplift, Junggar Basin.

关键词

准噶尔盆地 / 北三台凸起 / 南斜坡 / 石炭系 / 巴山组 / 火山岩 / 内幕储层 / 储层特征 / 成藏模式 / 古隆起

Key words

Junggar Basin / Beisantai Uplift / south slope / Carboniferous / Bashan Formation / volcanic rocks / inside reservoir / reservoir characteristics / reservoir formation model / palaeouplift

参考文献

[1] 曾良雄. 西地地区石炭系火山岩油气成藏模式研究[J]. 天然气技术与经济, 2015, 9(2):25-28.

[2] ZENG Liangxiong. Reservoir-forming patterns of Carboniferous volcanic-rock reservoirs,Xidi Area[J]. Natural Gas Technology and Economy, 2015, 9(2):25-28.

[3] 王鹏, 罗明高, 杜洋, 等. 北三台地区石炭系火山岩储层控制因素研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2010, 17(3):41-44.

[4] WANG Peng, LUO Minggao, DU Yang, et al. Influencing factors of the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Beisantai Area of East Junggar Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2010, 17(3):41-44.

[5] 罗明高, 欧阳可悦, 马压西, 等. 北三台地区石炭系火成岩储集层物性非均质特征及影响因素[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2011, 32(2):112-114.

[6] LUO Minggao, OUYANG Keyue, MA Yaxi, et al. Heterogeneity and influencing factors of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Beisantai Area,Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2011, 32(2):112-114.

[7] 杨和山, 陈洪, 李鹏. 北三台凸起石炭系火山岩油气分布规律及勘探[J]. 内蒙古石油化工, 2015, 19(5):138-141.

[8] YANG Heshan, CHEN Hong, LI Peng. Oil and gas regularities of distribution and exploration direction of Carboniferous volcano rocks in the Beisantai Uplift[J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2015, 19(5):138-141.

[9] 韩骏威. 准噶尔盆地盆 1 井西凹陷周缘石炭系火山岩优质储层特征及其发育模式[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2023:47-52.

[10] HAN Junwei. Characteristics and development pattern of high-quality reservoirs of Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the West Sag of well Pen 1 in Junggar Basin[D]. Changchun: Jilin University,2023:47-52.

[11] 武小宁, 邓勇, 林煜, 等. 准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡石炭系有利岩相预测及勘探方向[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(4):125-136.

[12] WU Xiaoning, DENG Yong, LIN Yu, et al. Prediction of favorable lithofacies and exploration direction of Carboniferous in Fudong Slope,Junggar Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(4):125-136.

[13] 罗旭东, 邓世坤, 冯芸, 等. 火山岩储层分类方法在克百断裂带一区石炭系的应用[J]. 特种油气藏, 2023, 30(1):57-64.

[14] LUO Xudong, DENG Shikun, FENG Yun, et al. Application of volcanic rock reservoir classification method to Carboniferous system in Kebai Fault Area[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2023, 30(1):57-64.

[15] 冯梓岩, 殷文, 钟云滔, 等. 基于常规测井的火成岩岩性识别方法:以准噶尔盆地西北缘红车断裂带石炭系火成岩储层为例[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2021, 45(5):95-108.

[16] FENG Ziyan, YIN Wen, ZHONG Yuntao, et al. Lithologic identification of igneous rocks based on conventional log:a case study of Carboniferous igneous reservoir in Hongche Fault Zone in Northwestern Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2021, 45(5):95-108.

[17] 刘德成, 陈亚军, 伍宏美, 等. 陆上和水下喷发成因火山岩特征及元素地球化学判别:以新疆三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷上石炭统火山岩为例[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2021, 45(6):41-51.

[18] LIU Decheng, CHEN Yajun, WU Hongmei, et al. Characteristics and element geochemical discrimination of subaerial and subaqueous volcanic rocks:taking the Upper Carboniferous volcanic rocks of Malang Depression in Santanghu Basin in Xinjiang as an example[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2021, 45(6):41-51.

[19] 周勇, 梁涛, 赵祥宇, 等. 火山岩不同喷发环境识别标志及喷发模式:以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系为例[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(6): 1-23.

[20] ZHOU Yong, LIANG Tao, ZHAO Xiangyu, et al. Identification marks and eruption patterns of vocanic rocks in different eruption environments:a case study of the Carboniferous in Eastern Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2024, 26(6):1-23.

[21] 王剑, 刘金, 吴晓光, 等. 不同喷发环境下的优质火山岩储层分布规律:以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系为例[J]. 新疆地质, 2023, 41(3): 386-394.

[22] WANG Jian, LIU Jin, WU Xiaoguang, et al. Distribution patterns of high-quality volcanic rock reservoirs under different eruptive environments:taking the Carboniferous in the Eastern Junggar Basin as an example[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 2023, 41(3):386-394.

[23] 王剑, 陈俊, 陈锐兵, 等. 准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩形成环境及其对储集性能影响机理[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2022, 33(11): 1785-1797.

[24] WANG Jian, CHEN Jun, CHEN Ruibing, et al. Forming environment of Carboniferous volcanic rocks and its influence mechanism on reservoir performance in the Eastern Junggar Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2022, 33(11):1785-1797.

[25] 支东明, 陈旋, 杨润泽, 等. 准噶尔盆地东部残留海相凹陷勘探实践及全油气系统[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2024, 45(2):127-138.

[26] ZHI Dongming, CHEN Xuan, YANG Runze, et al. Exploration practice and total petroleum system in residual marine sag,Eastern Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(2):127-138.

[27] 李新宁, 林潼, 杨润泽, 等. 准噶尔盆地东部隆起区磁场特征及对火山岩油气藏勘探的指示[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24(14): 5725-5732.

[28] LI Xinning, LIN Tong, YANG Runze, et al. Magnetic field characteristics in the uplift area of Eastern Junggar Basin and its implications for exploration of hydrocarbon reservoirs in volcanic rocks[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(14):5725-5732.

[29] 秦伟. 准噶尔盆地石北凹陷、吉木萨尔凹陷石炭系勘探潜力研究[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京),2022:52-54.

[30] QIN Wei. Research on the exploration potential of Carboniferous in Shibei Depression and Jimsar Depression,Junggar Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2022:52-54.

[31] 曲江秀, 查明, 田辉, 等. 准噶尔盆地北三台地区不整合与油气成藏[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2003, 24(5):386-388.

[32] QU Jiangxiu, ZHA Ming, TIAN Hui, et al. Uncomformities and hydrocarbon accumulation in Beisantai Area,Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2003, 24(5):386-388

[33] 杜洋, 罗明高, 李青, 等. 北三台地区火山岩储层特征[J]. 特种油气藏, 2010, 17(5):48-51.

[34] DU Yang, LUO Minggao, LI Qing, et al. Characteristics of volcanic reservoirs in the Beisantai Area[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2010, 17(5):48-51.

[35] 贺凯, 李培俊, 何贤英, 等. 北三台地区石炭系成藏条件及勘探方向[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2001, 22(5):421-423.

[36] HE Kai, LI Peijun, HE Xianying, et al. The reservior-formed conditions and exploration target Carboniferous in Beisantai Area[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2001, 22(5):421-423.

[37] 黄林军, 潘建国, 魏东涛, 等. 准东地区油气成藏条件及聚集规律[J]. 石油天然气学报, 2012, 34(9):42-48.

[38] HUANG Linjun, PAN Jianguo, WEI Dongtao, et al. Reservoir-forming condition and accumulation rules of the East Junggar Area[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2012, 34(9):42-48.

[39] LI X S, PAN H, WU Y X, et al. Main control factors and hydrocarbon accumulation model of volcanic oil reservoirs with complex oil-water relationships:a case study of the Carboniferous in the Chepaizi Uplift,the Junggar Basin,China[J]. Minerals, 2022, 12 (11):1357.

[40] 邱争科, 李婷, 杨兴, 等. 准噶尔盆地克-百断裂带石炭系内幕成藏特征[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(5):39-47.

[41] QIU Zhengke, LI Ting, YANG Xing, et al. The internal characteristics of Carboniferous in Ke-Bai Fault Zone in the northwest margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2020, 42(5):39-47.

[42] 范光旭. 阜康斜坡带石炭系火成岩储层特征与油气成藏规律[D]. 青岛: 中国石油大学(华东),2018:37-39.

[43] FAN Guangxu. Characteristics of the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation in the slope of the Eastern Fukang Depression[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum(East China),2018:37-39.

[44] 孙耀庭, 徐守余, 买买提吐尔逊•库吐鲁, 等. 渤海湾盆地潍北凹陷孔三段火山溢流相旋回与期次划分[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 42(2):29-40.

[45] SUN Yaoting, XU Shouyu, MMTTUERXUN Kultulu, et al. Cycles and stages division of volcanic effusive phase of the third member of Kongdian Formation in Weibei Sag,Bohaiwan Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2018, 42(2):29-40.

[46] 范光旭, 朱卡, 汪莉彬, 等. 西泉地区石炭系内幕型火山岩储集层特征及成藏模式[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018, 39(4):401-408.

[47] FAN Guangxu, ZHU Ka, WANG Libin, et al. Characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation models of Carboniferous inside-type volcanic reservoir in Xiquan Area,Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018, 39(4):401-408.

[48] CAO J, ZHANG Y J, HU W X, et al. The Permian hybrid petroleum system in the northwest margin of the Junggar Basin,Novthwest China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2005, 22(3):331-349.

[49] 潘虹, 李晓山, 钱川川, 等. 准噶尔盆地克百断裂带石炭系内幕型火山岩储层特征及成藏规律[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2022, 46(1): 62-75.

[50] PAN Hong, LI Xiaoshan, QIAN Chuanchuan, et al. Characteristic and accumulation patterns of Carboniferous inside-type volcanic reservoir in Kebai Fault Zone of Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2022, 46(1):62-75.

[51] 李晨. 克百断裂带上盘石炭系内幕储层特征及主控因素研究[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京),2017:39-40.

[52] LI Chen. Characteristics and controlling factors of the inner Carboniferous reservoirs in upper plate of Ke-Bai Fault Zone of Junggar Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2017:39-40.

[53] 陈宪. 准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山地区石炭系火山岩储层特征研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学,2017:24-29

[54] CHEN Xian. Characteristics of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Hashan Area,northwest margin of Junggar Basin[D]. Changchun: Jilin University,2017:24-29

[55] 张文杰, 操应长, 王健, 等. 北三台凸起石炭系火成岩储层特征及其主控因素[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2019, 48(2):353-366.

[56] ZHANG Wenjie, CAO Yingchang, WANG Jian, et al. Reservior characteristics and the main controlling factors of the Carboniferous igneous rocks in the Beisantai Uplift Area[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2019, 48(2):353-366.

[57] 吴孔友, 查明, 曲江秀, 等. 博格达山隆升对北三台地区构造形成与演化的控制作用[J]. 石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 28(2): 1-5.

[58] WU Kongyou, ZHA Ming, QU Jiangxiu, et al. Control of Bogeda Mountain Uplift on the structural formation and evolution in Beisantai Region[J]. Journal of the University of Peteoleum,China(Edition of Natural Science), 2004, 28(2):1-5.

[59] 黄芸, 梁舒艺, 杨迪生, 等. 原生韵律型火山岩储层特征及主控因素[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(6):54-61.

[60] HUANG Yun, LIANG Shuyi, YANG Disheng, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of primary rhyolite volcanic reservoir[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2021, 28(6):54-61.

[61] 梁遗贵. 准噶尔盆地地震地层学＂相面法＂刍议[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1986, 7(3):31-37.

[62] LIANG Yigui. On the＂facies method＂of seismic stratigraphy in Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1986, 7(3):31-37.

[63] 张丽华, 张国斌, 齐艳萍, 等. 准噶尔盆地西泉地区石炭系火山岩岩性测井识别[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2017, 38(4):427-431.

[64] ZHANG Lihua, ZHANG Guobin, QI Yanping, et al. Lithology identification of Carboniferous volcanic rock with logging data in Xiquan Area,Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2017, 38(4):427-431.

[65] 贺凯, 庞瑶, 何治亮, 等. 准东地区石炭系烃源岩评价及重要意义[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 32(6):41-45.

[66] HE Kai, PANG Yao, HE Zhiliang, et al. The evaluation and significance of the Carboniferous source rocks in the East Junggar Area[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2010, 32(6):41-45.

[67] 杨涛, 张小红, 姜涛, 等. 北三台地区石炭系原油地化特征及油源分析[J]. 新疆石油天然气, 2020, 16(3):21-26.

[68] YANG Tao, ZHANG Xiaohong, JIANG Tao, et al. Geochemical characteristics and source analysis of crude oil of Carboniferous in Beisantai Area[J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2020, 16(3):21-26.

[69] 侯茂国, 查明, 陈洪, 等. 准噶尔盆地北三台凸起石炭系沉凝灰岩生烃潜力分析[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2016, 37(5):537-541.

[70] HOU Maoguo, ZHA Ming, CHEN Hong, et al. Analysis of hydrocarbon potential of Carboniferous tuffite in Beisantai Swell,Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2016, 37(5):537-541.

[71] FROGNER P, GISLASON S R, OSKARSSON N. Fertilizing potential of volcanic ash in ocean surface water[J]. Geology, 2001, 29 (6):487-490.

[72] 石昕, 王绪龙, 张霞, 等. 准噶尔盆地石炭系烃源岩分布及地球化学特征[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2005, 10(1):34-39.

[73] SHI Xin, WANG Xulong, ZHANG Xia, et al. Distribution of Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rock in Junggar Basin and geochemical characteristics[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2005, 10(1):34-39.

[74] 龚德瑜, 王绪龙, 周川闽, 等. 准噶尔盆地东南部石炭系规模烃源岩的发现及天然气勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(7):836-852.

[75] GONG Deyu, WANG Xulong, ZHOU Chuanmin, et al. Discovery of large-scale Carboniferous source rocks and natural gas exploration potential in the southeast of Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(7):836-852.

[76] 何旭. 准噶尔盆地东部石炭系源岩灶和成藏特征[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京),2022:35-45.

[77] HE Xu. The source kitchen and hydrocarbon accumulation and migration in the Eastern Junggar Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2022:35-45.

[78] 贺凯. 准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩油气成藏规律研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京),2009:102-107.

[79] HE Kai. Study on the reservoir formation rule of vocanic rock of Carboniferous in the east of Junggar Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2009:102-107.

[80] 张丽辰, 吴孔友, 何文军, 等. 准噶尔盆地北三台凸起断裂结构特征及成岩封闭作用[J]. 地质力学学报, 2018, 24(5):607-616.

[81] ZHANG Lichen, WU Kongyou, HE Wenjun, et al. Structure characteristics and diagenetic sealing of faults in the Beisantai Swell, Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Geomechanic, 2018, 24(5):607-616.

[82] 杜洋, 罗明高, 李青, 等. 北三台地区火山岩储层特征及成藏模式研究[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2011, 34(1):9-12.

[83] DU Yang, LUO Minggao, LI Qing, et al. Reservoir characteristics and reservoir-forming mode of vocanic rock in Beisantai Area[J]. Natrural Gas Exploration & Development, 2011, 34(1):9-12.

[84] 张瑞. 准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部地区石炭系一二叠系油源对比与成藏模式[D]. 青岛: 中国石油大学(华东),2016:47-52.

[85] ZHANG Rui. Oil-source correlations and hydrocarbon accumulations of Carboniferous-Permian in Eastern Fukang Depression,Junggar Basin[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum(East China),2016:47-52.

基金资助

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2017E-0405)