基于相场法的固井顶替效率数值模拟及影响因素分析

Numerical simulation of cementing displacement efficiency and analysis of influencing factors based on phase field method

摘要

考虑摩擦阻力、浮力、重力和两相界面张力的影响，建立基于相场法的固井顶替效率数学模型并进行数值求解，评价固井顶替效率，采用环空顶替实验进行验证，分析井斜角、前置液结构、密度差、套管偏心度和套管旋转等因素对固井顶替效率的影响。结果表明：固井顶替效率数学模型有效改善传统模型的顶替界面模糊和振荡现象，具有一定的可靠性。井斜角改变重力沿井筒方向的分力并影响顶替界面形态的发展，水平井筒顶替界面形态的稳定性最差；采用＂冲洗液和隔离液＂的前置液结构时，水泥浆的顶替效率更高；优选流体密度差时，顶替效率提高 5% ；水平井筒中，套管偏心度为 0.1 时，顶替效率最高，但现场应用条件难以实现；套管旋转可显著缓解水泥浆宽边指进程度。考虑施工的难易程度，提高顶替效率的措施依次为：选用＂冲洗液和隔离液＂的前置液结构、优选密度差、采用套管旋转的顶替方式、控制套管偏心度小于 0.1 。该结果可为固井顶替效率的预测和优化提供指导。

Abstract

In order to study the cementing displacement efficiency, a mathematical model of cementing displacement efficiency based on the phase field method is established by considering the effects of frictional resistance, buoyancy, gravity and tension at the interface of the two phases, and the model is solved numerically. The model is applied to evaluate the cementing displacement efficiency, and the simulation results are verified by using annular displacement experiments. Factors affecting the displacement efficiency, such as well inclination angle, prepad fluid structure, density difference, casing eccentricity, casing rotation, and so on, are analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the cementing displacement efficiency model effectively improves the blurring and oscillation phenomenon of the displacement interface that occurs in the traditional model, and has a certain degree of reliability. The well inclination angle can change the gravity force along the wellbore direction and affect the development of the displacement interface pattern, and the stability of the displacement interface pattern in the horizontal wellbore is the worst; the displacement efficiency can be improved by 5% by optimizing the fluid density difference; the displacement efficiency in the horizontal wellbore is highest at a casing eccentricity of 0.1, but it is difficult to achieve this condition in the field; rotating casing can significantly alleviate the degree of cement slurry broadside fingering. Considering the difficulty of construction, it is suggested that the measures to improve the displacement efficiency are in the following order: choose the structure of "flushing fluid and isolation fluid" as the prepad fluid, and optimize the density difference; adopt the displacement method of rotating casing; control the casing eccentricity to be less than 0.1 The results of the study can provide some theoretical guidance for the prediction and optimization of cementing displacement efficiency.

关键词

固井 / 顶替效率 / 数值模拟 / 相场法 / 界面形态 / 影响因素

Key words

cementing / displacement efficiency / numerical simulation / phase field method / interface morphology / affecting factors

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金重大科研仪器研制项目(52227804)

国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U22B2072)