鄂尔多斯盆地志靖一安塞地区延长组 10 段油气成藏过程分析

Analysis of the hydrocarbon accumulation process of the Chang 10 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the Zhijing to Ansai Area, Ordos Basin

摘要

鄂尔多斯盆地志靖一安塞地区延长组油气资源丰富，深层延长组 10 段（长 10 段）油气勘探取得突破，但油气成藏过程复杂。根据流体包裹体岩相学特征、显微荧光观察、显微荧光光谱分析、显微测温分析及油包裹体最小捕获压力恢复结果等，结合单井埋藏史-热演化史、生排烃过程和油气运移特征，明确志靖-安塞地区长 10 段油气充注期次及成藏时间，恢复不同期次油气充注时的古温压条件，分析研究区油气成藏过程。结果表明：志靖一安塞地区长 10 段发育三期油气充注，分别为 151.8 \sim 139.0 \mathrm{、} 129.5 \sim 123.8 和 120.0 \sim 100.1 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{a} ，成藏时间主要处于白垩世中期。晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期，志靖一安塞地区长 9 段烃源岩开始生排烃，地层发育弱超压，油气自上而下运移至长 10 段，形成第一期油充注；早白垩世中期，长 7、长 9 段烃源岩进人生排烃高峰，地层发育超压一强超压，在异常高压的驱动下，油气通过叠置砂体和裂缝持续自上而下向长 10 段充注；在研究区东、西部异常压力差和构造高差的控制下，油气自西向东于构造高部位及有利砂体区聚集成藏。该结果对志靖一安塞地区延长组拓展深层油气勘探领域具有指导意义。

Abstract

The Yanchang Formation in Zhijing to Ansai Area of the Ordos Basin is rich in oil and gas resources, and breakthrough progress of petroleum exploration has been made in the deep strata of Chang 10 Member. The target layer in the research area has a complex process of oil and gas accumulation. Based on the petrographic observation, microfluorescence observation, microfluorescence spectrum analysis, microthermometry analysis and the recovery of minimum capture pressure of oil inclusions, combined with the burial history and thermal history of a single well, the distribution of source rock, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process, and the characteristics of oil and gas transport, the hydrocarbon charging period and accumulation time of the deep Chang 10 Member in the Zhijing to Ansai Area are determined, and the hydrocarbon migration forces and accumulation process are discussed. The results show that there are three stages of hydrocarbon charging in the Chang 10 Member in the deep strata of Zhijing to Ansai Area, the time periods are 151.8-139.0,129.5-123.8 and 120.0-100.1Ma, respectively, the accumulation time is mainly in the middle of the Cretaceous. In the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous period, the Chang 9 source rocks began to generate and expel hydrocarbons, with weak overpressure in the strata. Oil and gas migrated from top to bottom to the deep Chang 10 Member, forming the first stage of oil injection. In the middle stage of Early Cretaceous, the source rocks of Chang 7 Member and Chang 9 Member supplied hydrocarbons simultaneously, and the strata developed overpressure. Driven by abnormally high pressure, oil and gas were continuously injected from top to bottom into the deep Chang 10 Member through stacked sand bodies and fractures. Under the dual control of abnormal pressure difference and structural height difference in the eastern and western parts of the study area, oil and gas accumulate from west to east in high structural areas and favorable sand bodies. This result is of guiding significance to further expand the deep oil and gas exploration field of Yanchang Formation in Zhijing to Ansai Area.

关键词

流体包裹体 / 油气充注 / 成藏过程 / 长 10 段 / 延长组 / 志靖一安塞地区 / 鄂尔多斯盆地

Key words

fluid inclusion / hydrocarbon charging / hydrocarbon accumulation process / Chang 10 Member / Yanchang Formation / Zhijing to Ansai Area / Ordos Basin

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41672099)

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973 计划）项目(2014CB239003)