高位体系域海相三角洲源-汇特征及沉积模式——以琼东南盆地宝岛凹陷北部渐新统陵水组三段为例

Source-sink characteristics and sedimentary model of marine delta facies in highstand system tract: a case study from the third member of the Lingshui Formation during the Oligocene in the Northern Baodao Sag, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

摘要

以琼东南盆地宝岛凹陷北部渐新统陵水组三段为例,恢复沉积期古地貌格局,划分流域单元,分析构造转换带断裂陡坡和转换斜坡特点,识别物源注入口位置,进行沟谷量化分析,综合地震相、测井相、岩心相和单井相数据,研究沉积相类型及砂体时空分布规律,明确宝岛21区陵水组三段高位体系域三角洲沉积特征及源-汇耦合模式。结果表明:流域单元B-栞沟谷-三角洲朵叶体栞具有长距离搬运的特点,入海后储集体成分和结构成熟度高、粒度细、砂泥岩互层发育;流域单元 A-栚沟谷-三角洲朵叶体栚具有冲积扇直接入水,三角洲朵叶体表现为横向变化小、纵向叠置好、粒度粗和单层厚度大的特点,源-渠-汇配置关系好,为宝岛21区最优储集相类型。该结果为研究区储集体预测、气田开发和井位部署提供依据。

Abstract

The study focuses on the third member of the Lingshui Formation during the Oligocene in the Northern Baodao Sag of the Qiongdongnan Basin. Based on the characteristics of fault steep slope and transition slope in the fault tectonic transition belt, the location of source injection port is judged and quantitative analysis of gullies is carried out. Based on the comprehensive research method of seismic facies, logging facies, core facies and single well facies, the spatial and temporal evolution of sedimentary facies types and sand bodies of each stage are analyzed. Through the comprehensive analysis of the coupling relationship between source, channel and sink, the delta sedimentary model of the highstand system tract of the third member of the Lingshui Formation in BD21 region is established. It is concluded that the reservoir group of "basin unit B gully 栞 delta lobe 栞" has the characteristics of high compositional and structural maturity, fine grain size, sand-mudstone interbedding development due to long distance transport, while the reservoir group of "basin unit A gully 栚 delta lobe 栚" has alluvial fan into water, and the far end is transformed into traction flow deposit. It has the characteristics of small lateral variation, good vertical superposition, coarse grain size and large single layer thickness, and the relationship between source-channel-sink configuration is good, which is the best reservoir facies type in this area. This study provides theoretical support for the next scale reservoir prediction, gas field development plan and well location deployment.

关键词

高位体系域 / 海相 / 三角洲 / 源-汇特征 / 沉积模式 / 琼东南盆地 / 宝岛凹陷 / 渐新统 / 陵水组

Key words

highstand system tract / marine facies / delta / source-sink characteristics / sedimentary model / Qiongdongnan Basin / Baosao Sag / Oligocene / Lingshui Formation

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基金资助

中海石油(中国)有限公司科技攻关项目(KJGG2022-0102)