四川盆地东部邻水一丰都地区茅二 A亚段沉积演化特征及油气地质意义

Sedimentary evolution characteristics and its petroleum geological significance of subsection A of 2nd member of the Maokou Formation in the Linshui-Fengdu Area, Eastern Sichuan Basin

摘要

根据测井、录井和岩心薄片资料，采用地球化学分析测试方法，研究四川盆地东部邻水一丰都地区茅口组二段 A 亚段（茅二 A 亚段）展布特征、沉积演化特征和油气地质意义。结果表明：受构造运动、海平面升降及古地貌影响，茅二 A 亚段出现台凹分异的格局，沉积早期至晚期，各小层滩体具有向北迁移延伸的趋势，凹陷面积逐步缩减，滩体面积逐步增大；茅二A亚段自身烃源来自区内垫江一带凹陷—斜坡区的泥质灰岩及有机质泥岩，总有机碳质量分数分布在 0.43%∼5.17% 之间，镜质体反射率介于 2.08%∼2.28% ，为有效烃源岩，处于过成熟深部高温生气阶段；向上变浅的沉积旋回影响储层的垂向发育，旋回顶部茅二A亚段滩体储层发育，为裂缝一孔洞型储层；不同烃源与茅二A亚段优势相带储层通过运移通道沟通，与志留系烃源构成＂下生上储＂、与上二叠统龙潭组烃源构成＂上生下储＂的成藏组合、与茅二 A 亚段凹陷一斜坡区自身烃源构成＂旁生侧储＂的成藏组合。该结果为研究区茅口组规模滩相的勘探提供指导。

Abstract

Using logging, cuttings, thin-section data from cores, and geochemical test data, this study investigates the distribution characteristics, sedimentary features, and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of subsection A of 2 nd member of the Maokou Formation (Mao 2 A Submember) in the Eastern Si chuan Basin(Linshui-Fengdu Area). The results show that influenced by tectonic movements, sea-level fluctuation and paleotopography, Mao 2 A Submember exhibits a platform-depression differentiation pattern. From the early to the late stages of sedimentation, the shoal bodies of each sublayer show a trend of migrating and extending to the north. The depression area gradually decreases, while the shoal area gradually increases. The hydrocarbons of Mao 2 A Submember itself can originate from the muddy limestone and organic-rich mudstone in the depression-slope area of Dianjiang. The organic carbon mass fraction ranges from 0.43% to 5.17%, and the vitrinite reflectance is between 2.08% and 2.28%, indicating that it is an effective hydrocarbon source rock in the over-mature deep high-temperature gas generation stage. The upward-shallowing sedimentary cycles affect the vertical development of reservoirs. The reservoirs are well-developed in the shoal bodies of Mao 2 A Submember at the top of the cycles, forming fracture-pore type reservoirs. Different hydrocarbon sources and the reservoirs in the favorable facies belts of Mao 2 A Submember can be connected through migration pathways to form hydrocarbon accumulation combinations. These combinations include the lower generation and upper storage with the Silurian hydrocarbon source, the upper generation and lower storage with the Longtan Formation hydrocarbon source of the Upper Permian, and the "lateral generation and lateral storage" with the hydrocarbon source in the depression-slope area of Mao 2 A Submember itself. These results are of guiding significance for the exploration of large-scale shoal facies in the Maokou Formation in the study area.

关键词

四川盆地东部 / 邻水—丰都地区 / 茅口组 / 展布特征 / 沉积特征 / 成藏条件

Key words

Eastern Sichuan Basin / Linshui-Fengdu Area / Maokou Formation / stratigraphic distribution / sedimentary characteristics / hydrocarbon accumulation conditions

参考文献

[1] 黎霆, 诸丹诚, 李海平, 等. 中二叠统茅口组白云岩发育机理:以川中一川东地区为例[J]. 现代地质, 2020, 34(2):345-355.

[2] LI Ting, ZHU Dancheng, LI Haiping, et al, Genetic mechanism of dolomite in Middle Permian Maokou Formation:case study of Central and Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(2):345-355

[3] 陈卫东, 陈义才, 徐发波, 等. 四川盆地东部中二叠统茅口组地层划分、对比与岩溶古地貌恢复[J]. 天然气工业, 2021, 41(6):27-36.

[4] CHEN Weidong, CHEN Yicai, XU Fabo, et al. Stratigraphic division and correlation and karst palaeogeomorphology restoration of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(6):27-36.

[5] 张坦, 贾梦瑶, 孙雅雄, 等. 四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组岩溶古地貌恢复及特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1):111-120.

[6] ZHANG Tan, JIA Mengyao, SUN Yaxiong, et al. Restoration and characteristics of karst paleogeomorphology of Middle Permian Maokou Formation in Southern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(1):111-120.

[7] 熊晓军, 陈容, 袁野, 等. 四川盆地卧龙河构造茅口组岩溶储层地震预测[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(6):724-735.

[8] XIONG Xiaojun, CHEN Rong, YUAN Ye, et al. Seismic prediction of karst reservoirs of the Maokou Formation in Wolonghe structure of Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(6):724-735.

[9] 李让彬, 段金宝, 潘磊, 等. 川东地区中二叠统茅口组白云岩储层成因机理及主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2021, 32(9):1347-1357.

[10] LI Rangbin, DUAN Jinbao, PAN Lei, et al. Genetic mechanism and main controlling factors of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation dolomite reservoirs in the Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(9):1347-1357.

[11] 胡东风, 王良军, 黄仁春, 等. 四川盆地东部地区中二叠统茅口组白云岩储层特征及其主控因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2019, 39(6):13-21.

[12] HU Dongfeng, WANG Liangjun, HUANG Renchun, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of the Middle Permian Maokou dolomite reservoirs in the Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019, 39(6):13-21.

[13] 刘宏, 马腾, 谭秀成, 等. 表生岩溶系统中浅埋藏构造一热液白云岩成因:以四川盆地中部中二叠统茅口组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(6):916-927.

[14] LIU Hong, MA Teng, TAN Xiucheng, et al. Origin of structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite in epigenetic karst system during shallow burial:an example from Middle Permian Maokou Formation,Central Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(6):916-927.

[15] 黎荣, 胡明毅, 杨威, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统沉积相模式及有利储集体分布[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(2):369-379.

[16] LI Rong, HU Mingyi, YANG Wei, et al. Sedimentary facies model and favorable reservoir distribution of the Middle Permian in Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(2):369-379.

[17] 刘树根, 文龙, 宋金民, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统构造一沉积分异与油气勘探[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 49(4):385-413.

[18] LIU Shugen, WEN Long, SONG Jinmin, et al. Sedimentary topography and tectonic differentiation on the Middle Permian platform and hydrocarbon exploration in Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology E- dition), 2022, 49(4):385-413.

[19] 李珊. 四川盆地二叠系茅口组烃源岩发育分布及成藏模式[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京),2021:40-55.

[20] LI Shan. The distribution of source rocks and hydrocarbon accumulation model of the Permian Maokou Formation in Sichuan Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2021:40-55.

[21] 刘昇, 范存辉, 张本健, 等. 四川盆地东部中二叠统茅口组孤峰段展布特征及其油气地质意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(4): 993-1008.

[22] LIU Sheng, FAN Cunhui, ZHANG Benjian, et al. Distribution characteristics of Gufeng Member of Middle Permian Maokou Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin and its petroleum geological significance[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4):993-1008.

[23] 王兴志, 李博, 杨西燕, 等. 四川盆地北部中二叠世晚期＂广元一旺苍＂海槽特征及其油气地质意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(3): 562-574.

[24] WANG Xingzhi, LI Bo, YANG Xiyan, et al. Characteristics of＂Guangyuan-Wangcang＂trough during Late Middle Permian and its petroleum geological significance in Northern Sichuan Basin,SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, 48(3): 562-574.

[25] 汪泽成, 江青春, 黄士鹏, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气大面积成藏的地质条件[J]. 天然气工业, 2018, 38(1):30-38.

[26] WANG Zecheng, JIANG Qingchun, HUANG Shipeng, et al. Geological conditions for massive accumulation of natural gas in the Mid-Permian Maokou Formation of the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018, 38(1):30-38.

[27] 潘磊, 徐祖新, 李让彬, 等. 川东南涪陵地区基底断裂特征与油气成藏[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(4):19-25.

[28] PAN Lei, XU Zuxin, LI Rangbin, et al. Basement fault characterization and hydrocarbon accumulation in Fuling of Southeastern Sichuan[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2020, 27(4):19-25.

[29] 徐祖新. 川东地区中二叠统茅口组天然气成因及气源[J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(2):16-22.

[30] XU Zuxin. Genesis and source of gas in Middle Permian Maokou Formation of Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2019, 26(2):16-22.

[31] 杨雨, 文龙, 周刚, 等. 四川盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(12):2045-2069.

[32] YANG Yu, WEN Long, ZHOU Gang, et al. New fields,new types and resource potentials of hydrocarbon exploration in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(12):2045-2069.

[33] 文华国, 罗冰, 钟克修, 等. 川东地区三叠系嘉陵江组邻水一丰都台凹的发现及油气勘探意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(1):12-24.

[34] WEN Huaguo, LUO Bing, ZHONG Kexiu, et al. Discovery of Linshui-Fengdu intra-platform depression of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(1):12-24.

[35] 葛勋, 李王鹏, 郭彤楼, 等. 川东南林滩场地区五峰组一龙一段页岩储层特征及含气性影响因素[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2024, 48(2): 16-26.

[36] GE Xun, LI Wangpeng, GUO Tonglou, et al. Shale reservoir characteristics and gas-bearing influencing factors of Wufeng Formation-Long 1 Member in Lintanchang Area,Southeast Sichuan[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2024, 48(2):16-26.

[37] 王子涵, 高平, 冯越, 等. 川东地区五峰一龙马溪组超深层页岩孔隙结构特征及主控因素[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2023, 47(1):57-69.

[38] WANG Zihan, GAO Ping, FENG Yue, et al. Pore structure characteristics and main controlling factors of the ultra-deep shales of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2023, 47(1):57-69.

[39] 宋学锋. 川西北地区中二叠统茅口组沉积特征及模式[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2018, 42(4):66-74.

[40] SONG Xuefeng. Sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary facies model of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in Northwest Sichuan[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2018, 42(4):66-74.

[41] 白晓亮, 郗诚, 和源, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组层序地层特征及沉积演化模式[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2020, 44(6):33-42.

[42] BAI Xiaoliang, XI Cheng, HE Yuan, et al. Sequence stratigraphic characteristics and sedimentary evolution model of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2020, 44(6):33-42.

[43] 付小东, 陈娅娜, 罗冰, 等. 四川盆地北部中二叠统茅口组孤峰段优质烃源岩特征及其油气地质意义[J]. 地质学报, 2021, 95(6): 1903-1920.

[44] FU Xiaodong, CHEN Yana, LUO Bing, et al. Characteristics and petroleum geological significance of high-quality source rocks in the Gufeng Member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the Northern Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2021, 95 (6):1903-1920.

[45] 任梦怡, 汪泽成, 江青春, 等. 川南地区中二叠统茅口组碳酸盐岩储层孔隙特征与储层成因[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2021, 45(3): 32-43.

[46] REN Mengyi, WANG Zecheng, JIANG Qingchun, et al. The carbonate reservoir characteristics and pore genesis in the Middle Permian Maokou Formation,Southern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2021, 45(3):32-43.

[47] 黄渊, 李斌, 孙健, 等. 四川盆地东北部龙会场一铁山地区飞仙关组沉积演化与鲕滩储层分布规律[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2017, 41 (5):12-22.

[48] HUANG Yuan, LI Bin, SUN Jian, et al. Sedimentary evolution and oolitic-shoal reservoir distribution of the Feixianguan Formation in Longhuichang-Tieshan Area,NE Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2017, 41(5):12-22.

[49] 蒋航, 张玺华, 陈聪, 等. 川北地区茅口中晚期斜坡相沉积特征及其油气地质意义[J]. 海相油气地质, 2023, 28(4):381-390.

[50] JIANG Hang, ZHANG Xihua, CHEN Cong, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of slope facies in mid-late stage of Moukou Formation in Northern Sichuan Basin and its petroleum geological significances[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2023, 28(4):381-390.

[51] 李大军, 陈辉, 陈洪德, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统茅口组储层形成与古构造演化关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(5):756-763.

[52] LI Dajun, CHEN Hui, CHEN Hongde, et al. Relationship between reservoir development in the Middle Permian Maokou Formation and paleostructure evolution in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(5):756-763.

[53] 李延钧, 梁艳, 雷卞军, 等. 川中一川南过渡带西部嘉二段天然气成因与来源[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(6):820-823.

[54] LI Yanjun, LIANG Yan, LEI Bianjun, et al. Natural gas genesis for the section II of West Jialingjiang Formation in Middle Sichuan- South Sichuan transinonal belt[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(6):820-823.

[55] 胡安平, 陈汉林, 杨树峰, 等. 卧龙河气田天然气成因及成藏主要控制因素[J]. 石油学报, 2008, 29(5):643-649.

[56] HU Anping, CHEN Hanlin, YANG Shufeng, et al. Origin of natural gas and main controlling factors of reservoirs in Wolonghe Gas Field[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2008, 29(5):643-649.

[57] 王顺玉, 戴鸿鸣, 王海清, 等. 四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩大型气田天然气地球化学特征与气源[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2000, 11(2):10-17.

[58] WANG Shunyu, DAI Hongming, WANG Haiqing, et al. Gas geochemistry characters and origin of large gas field in marine carbonates of the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2000, 11(2):10-17.

[59] 戴金星, 倪云燕, 黄士鹏. 四川盆地黄龙组烷烃气碳同位素倒转成因的探讨[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(5):710-717.

[60] DAI Jinxing, NI Yunyan, HUANG Shipeng, et al. Discussion on the carbon isotopic reversal of alkane gases from the Huanglong Formation in the Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(5):710-717.

[61] 林雪梅, 魏全超, 郑晶, 等. 川东涪陵地区二叠系长兴组天然气气源分析[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 47(1):28-34.

[62] LIN Xuemei, WEI Quanchao, ZHENG Jing, et al. Analysis on natural gas source of Permian Changxing Formation in Fuling Area, Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 2020, 47(1):28-34.

[63] 孟昱璋. 四川盆地嘉陵江组岩相古地理与天然气成藏研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学,2011:48-57.

[64] MENG Yuzhang. Study on lithofacies paleogeography and natural gas accumulation in the Jialingjiang Formation of the Sichuan Basin[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology,2011:48-57.

基金资助

中国石油西南油气田公司重大科技专项(20230301-04)