苏北盆地高邮凹陷阜二段页岩储层孔隙结构及非均质性特征

Pore structure and heterogeneous characteristics of shale reservoirs in the E₁f₂ Member, Gaoyou Sag, North Jiangsu Basin

摘要

为明确苏北盆地高邮凹陷阜宁组二段（阜二段）陆相混积页岩储层特征，选取研究区典型页岩，采用扫描电镜、低温氮气吸附、高压压汞、核磁共振和 X 线衍射分析等方法，确定页岩储层孔隙结构，分析研究区多重分形特征，刻画不同岩相、不同类型页岩储层孔隙结构复杂性和非均质性。结果表明：研究区阜二段发育 8 种主要岩相和 4 种页岩储层类型，页岩核磁共振 T₂ 谱呈＂多峰态＂分布，不同类型页岩的 T_2,gm、T_2,35 和 T_2,50 等孔隙结构特征参数差异明显；页岩孔隙结构具有多重分形特征，非均质性较强；IV 型至 I 型页岩孔隙度和孔隙（喉道）孔径减小，长英质体积分数减少，碳酸盐体积分数增加，多重分形参数 D₀ 和 \mathrm{\Delta } \alpha 先减小后增大；II型页岩中孔发育，孔隙结构最为简单，非均质性最弱，I 型页岩孔隙结构好，但孔隙非均质性较强。I型高碳纹层状长英质-灰云质混积页岩和II型中碳纹层状长英质-灰云质混积页岩、灰云页岩为有利页岩油储层类型，纵向上发育于阜二段II亚段、IV亚段中下部及V亚段中部。该结果为苏北盆地阜二段页岩油有利储层优选提供指导。

Abstract

The characteristics of the lacustrine mixed shale reservoir in the second member of the Funing Formation (E₁f₂) in the Gaoyou Sag, North Jiangsu Basin, typical shale samples from the study area were selected for a series of analyses, including scanning electron microscopy(SEM), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, high-pressure mercury intrusion, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), to characterize the pore structure. Based on the NMR T₂ spectrum, multifractal analysis was conducted to depict the complexity and heterogeneity of pore structures across different lithofacies and shale types. The results indicate that eight main lithofacies and four shale reservoir types are developed in the E₁f₂ Member. The NMR T₂ spectra exhibit a "multi-peak" distribution, with significant variations in pore structure parameters such as T_2,gm,T_2,35, and T_2,50 among different shale types. The pore structure demonstrates strong multifractal characteristics and pronounced heterogeneity. From type IV to type I shales, porosity and pore(throat) size decrease, the mass fraction of felsic minerals decreases, while the mass fraction of carbonate minerals increases. The parameters D₀ and \mathrm{\Delta } \alpha initially decrease and then increase. Type II shales exhibit well-developed mesopores, the simplest pore structure, and the weakest heterogeneity. Although type I shales have favorable pore structures, they display strong pore heterogeneity. Type I high-carbon laminated felsic-dolomitic mixed shales and type II medium-carbon laminated felsic-dolomitic mixed shales, along with dolomitic shales, are identified as favorable shale oil reservoirs. Vertically, they are predominantly developed in the middle-lower part of submember II and IV, and the middle part of submember V of the E₁f₂ Member. These findings provide important guidance for optimizing favorable shale oil intervals in the E₁f₂ Member of the North Jiangsu Basin.

关键词

页岩储层 / 孔隙结构 / 非均质性 / 核磁共振 / 储层分类 / 多重分形 / 阜二段 / 高邮凹陷 / 苏北盆地

Key words

shale reservoir / pore structure / heterogeneity / nuclear magnetic resonance / reservoir classification / multifractal / second member of the Funing Formation / Gaoyou Sag / North Jiangsu Basin

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基金资助

国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1400100)

中国石油化工股份有限公司科技开发部项目(P25161)

中国石化江苏油田分公司科研课题资助项目(JS24002)

中国石化江苏油田分公司科研课题资助项目(JS24038)

中国石化江苏油田分公司科研课题资助项目(JD23002)