玛湖凹陷西斜坡夏子街组砂砾岩储层差异性特征及控制因素

The different characteristics and controlling factors of glutenite reservoirs of Xiazijie Formation in the west slope of Mahu Sag

摘要

砂砾岩储层形成机制对盆地油气聚集具有重要影响。采用岩心观察与描述、铸体薄片鉴定、物性测试分析和成岩过程重建等方法，结合构造背景和地层埋藏史，分析玛湖凹陷西斜坡（南区和北区）二叠系夏子街组储层差异性成岩-成储过程及控制因素。结果表明：玛湖凹陷西斜坡二叠系夏子街组储层为扇三角洲前缘亚相砂砾岩，分选性差一中等，颗粒多为次棱角一次圆状，成分成熟度和结构成熟度较低，非均质性强。南区和北区储层的差异性明显。南区储层发育在西斜坡二级坡折带上，颗粒较粗，有机酸溶蚀沸石类胶结物产生的次生孔隙是最主要储集空间，平均孔隙度为 8.65% ，平均渗透率为 0.25 \times {10}^{-3} \mu {\mathrm{m}}^2 ；北区储层发育在坡折带以下低位凹槽区，颗粒较细，碳酸盐岩胶结物及长石、岩屑等产生的次生溶孔为最主要的储集空间，平均孔隙度为 11.27% ，平均渗透率为 0.39 \times {10}^{-3} \mu {\mathrm{m}}^2 。储层经历压实、胶结和溶蚀等成岩作用，处于中成岩期 B 阶段。多种控制因素共同作用造成储层的差异性。沉积相带决定储层的物质基础，埋藏条件和成岩环境控制储层的流体性质和演化过程。该结果为研究区储量规模的有效动用提供支持。

Abstract

The formation mechanism of the glutenite reservoirs have an important influence on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the basin. The differential diagenesis process of the Permian Xiazijie Formation reservoirs in the western slope of the Mahu Sag(south zones and north zones) is systematically analyzed by applying the techniques of core observation and description, cast thin-section identification, physical property test analysis and diagenesis process reconstruction, and combining with the tectonic background and stratigraphic burial history. And the controlling factors of the reservoir are analyzed. The results show that the Permian Xiazijie Formation reservoirs in the western slope of the Mahu Sag consist of gravelly sandstones from the fan delta front subfacies. They have poor to moderate sorting, with particles mainly being sub-angular to sub-rounded. The compositional and structural maturity are relatively low, resulting in high heterogeneity. The differences of reservoirs in different areas are obvious. The reservoir in the south area, with coarser particles, is developed in the secondary slope folding zone of the western slope. The secondary pores generated by the dissolution of zeolite cement by organic acid are the most important storage space. The average porosity is 8.65%, and the average permeability is 0.25 \times {10}^{-3} \mu {\mathrm{m}}^2. In contrast, the reservoir in the north area, with finer particles, is developed in the low groove zone below the slope folding zone. And the secondary pores generated are the most important storage space. The structural components of dissolution include carbonate cement as well as feldspars and rock debris. The average porosity is 11.27%, and the average permeability is 0.39 \times {10}^{-3} \mu {\mathrm{m}}^2. The reservoir has undergone compaction, cementation, and dissolution, and is currently in the middle diage-netic stage B. The variability of reservoir is controlled by multiple factors. The sedimentary facies zone determines the material basis of the reservoir, while burial conditions and diagenetic environment control the fluid properties and evolution process of the reservoir. The results provide theoretical support for the effective exploitation of reserve scale in the next phase.

关键词

玛湖凹陷 / 夏子街组 / 砂砾岩储层 / 储层特征 / 成岩演化 / 控制因素

Key words

Mahu Sag / Xiazijie Formation / glutenite reservoirs / reservoir characteristics / diagenetic evolution / controlling factors

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41972099)

贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般513)

贵州理工学院高层次人才引进项目(2023GCC081)