渤海海域低渗透储层主控因素分析及综合预测——以埕北低凸起曹妃甸 23 构造沙一二段为例

Analysis and comprehensive prediction of main controlling factors of low permeability reservoir in Bohai Sea: take section 1 and 2 of Sha of Caofeidian 23 structure in Chengbei low uplift as an example

摘要

以渤海海域埕北低凸起曹妃甸 23 构造沙一二段碎屑岩储层为研究对象，在沉积背景分析基础上，利用岩心、录井、测井和分析化验等资料，开展低渗透储层主控因素分析及预测。结果表明：沙一二段储层以岩屑砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩为主，整体低渗透，孔隙度主要在 5 \mathrm{\%} \sim 25 \mathrm{\%} 之间，渗透率小于 1 \times {10}^{-3} \mu {\mathrm{m}}^2 ；研究区有利相带和次生溶蚀成岩作用的耦合是形成有利储层的主控因素。滩坝相和辫状河三角洲沉积粒度粗、厚度大的相带沉积期水动力强，沉积碎屑粒度大、分选好，为储层发育的有利相带；次生孔隙是储层最主要的孔隙类型，占比超过 80% ，主要为有机酸溶蚀长石，长石溶蚀量越大，孔隙度、渗透率越高；综合古地貌（古河道）、有利相带（粗粒）、成岩相类型、孔隙结构四大要素叠合，曹妃甸 23 构造沙一二段储层划为 3 种类型，其中，I 类储层品质最好，分布于近源相对陡坡和古河道区域，相带以辫状河三角洲前缘主体和滩坝为主，成岩相类型主要是中压实-弱胶结-强溶蚀相，平均孔喉半径大于 1.53 \mu \mathrm{m} ，岩性为厚砂夹薄泥，是研究区储集物性、储集能力最好的类型。该结果为低渗透储层有利区预测提供依据。

Abstract

The clastic rock reservoir of Caofeidian 23 structure in Chengbei, Bohai Sea is taken as the research object. Based on the analysis of the sedimentary background, the main controlling factors of the low permeability reservoir are analyzed and predicted by comprehensively utilizing data from cores, mud logging, well logging, and laboratory analysis. The results show that the reservoir of section 1 and 2 of Sha is mainly composed of lithic sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone, with overall low permeability, porosity ranging from 5% to 25%, and permeability . The coupling of favorable facies zone and secondary dissolution diagenesis is the main factor of forming favorable reservoir in the study area. The facies zones with coarse grain size and large thickness in the beach bar facies and braided river delta are favorable for reservoir development because of their strong hydrodynamics, large grain size and good sorting of sedimentary debris. Secondary pores are the most important type of pores in the reservoir, accounting for more than 80%, mainly because of organic acid dissolution of feldspar, the greater the amount of feldspar dissolution, the higher the porosity and permeability; This paper classifies and predicts the reservoir of section 1 and 2 of Sha of Caofeidian 23 structure by synthesizing the four elements of palaeogeomorphology(palaeochannel), favorable facies zone(coarse-grained), diagenetic facies type and pore structure. The reservoir is divided into three types, of which the first type has the best quality, and the first type of reservoir is distributed in the relatively steep slope and ancient channel area near the source. The facies belt is dominated by the front body of braid river delta and the beach bar. The diagenetic facies type is mainly medium compacting-weak cementation-strong dissolution phase, the average pore diameter is greater than 1.53 \mu \mathrm{m}, and the lithology is thick sand with thin mud. It is the best type of physical property and storage ability in the study area. This result provides a basis for the prediction of favorable areas in low permeability reservoirs.

关键词

渤海海域 / 沙一二段 / 低渗透储层 / 碎屑岩 / 主控因素 / 曹妃甸 23 构造

Key words

Bohai Sea / section 1 and 2 of Sha / low permeability reservoir / clastic rock / main control factor / Caofeidian 23 structure

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