苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜二段页岩油储层成岩作用及孔隙演化特征——以 QY1 井为例

Diagenesis and pore evolution characteristics of shale oil reservoirs in the second member of the Funing Formation in the Qintong Sag, North Jiangsu Basin: a case study of well QY1

摘要

分析储层的孔隙发育特征及演化规律有助于明确油气富集规律和运移机理。对于苏北盆地溱潼凹陷 QY1井岩心样品，采用矿物学、地球化学、热模拟等方法，研究储层的成岩作用阶段及类型、储集空间识别与划分，分析孔隙系统演化规律。结果表明：研究区页岩主要由长英质、碳酸盐和黏土等矿物组成，总有机碳质量分数平均为 1.33% ，镜质体反射率为 0.88 \mathrm{\%} \sim 1.24 \mathrm{\%} ，孔隙度平均为 3.38% ；层系储集空间分为裂缝和孔隙两大类，细分为 10 个亚类，储层处于中成岩演化阶段，经历压实、溶蚀、胶结、重结晶、交代等成岩作用，重结晶和溶蚀作用可形成粒间孔、溶蚀孔等，有利于储集空间发育；黏土矿物晶间缝和石英粒间孔对储层渗流能力起积极改善作用，随热演化程度变化，储集空间整体向增大的方向演化，成熟阶段储集空间以溶蚀孔为主，随成熟度升高，有机孔发育，且孔隙连通性逐渐改善，油气在储层内发生运移。该结果为苏北盆地页岩油储层富集机制和油气运移模式研究提供依据。

Abstract

Studying the pore development characteristics and evolutionary patterns of reservoirs helps clarify hydrocarbon enrichment mechanisms and migration pathways. Based on core samples from well QY1 in the Qintong Sag, the authors conducted mineralogical and thermal simulation experiments to investigate the diagenetic stages, diagenetic processes, and reservoir space types of this shale oil reservoir, thereby discussing the evolutionary patterns of its pore system. The results show that the studied shale unit consists mainly of felsic minerals, carbonates, and clays, exhibiting average values of 1.33% for TOC (total organic carbon), 3.38% for porosity, and vitrinite reflectance (R_o) values between 0.88% and 1.24%. Microscopic observations classify the reservoir spaces into two major categories (fractures and pores), further subdivided into 10 sub-types. This reservoir is in the middle diagenetic stage, and has undergone various diagenetic processes, including compaction, dissolution, cementation, recrystallization, and replacement. Among these, recrystallization and dissolution can form intergranular pores and dissolution pores, which are conducive to the development of the reservoir space. Clay mineral interlayer fractures and quartz intergranular pores contribute positively to enhancing reservoir permeability. Thermal simulation experiments reveal that the overall pore system tends to expand with increasing thermal maturity. During the mature stage, dissolution pores dominate the reservoir space. As maturity further increases, organic pores develop, and pore connectivity gradually improves, facilitating hydrocarbon migration within the reservoir. This achievement provides a basis for understanding the enrichment mechanisms of shale oil reservoirs and hydrocarbon migration patterns in the Subei Basin.

关键词

成岩作用 / 储集空间 / 孔隙演化特征 / 页岩油 / 阜宁组二段 / 溱潼凹陷 / 苏北盆地

Key words

diagenesis / reservoir space / pore evolution characteristics / shale oil / second member of the Funing Formation / Qintong Sag / North Jiangsu Basin

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基金资助

中国石化科技攻关项目(P21112)

中国石化科技攻关项目(P23190)