莺歌海盆地乐东区典型滨浅海滩坝砂体构型及成因模式

Sandbody architecture and genetic model of typical shore-shallow marine beach bars in the Ledong Area, Yinggehai Basin

摘要

滨浅海滩坝沉积是南海莺歌海盆地乐东区乐东 15D 气田天然气开发的重要储层类型。选取莺歌海组一段 （莺一段）III 气组为研究对象，采用岩石矿物鉴定、激光粒度、测井响应及地震属性分析等方法，研究莺一段 III 气组沉积特征，明确单一坝边界识别标准，开展构型划分，分析构型成因，建立构型模式。结果表明：莺一段III 气组沉积物成分成熟度高，以细粒砂体为主，发育平行岸线分布的连片状滩坝砂体；滩坝砂体划分为复合滩坝、单一坝和增生体 3 个级次。单一坝边界识别标准为坝间滩砂、坝间滨浅海泥、测井曲线形态及厚度差异、相邻坝的高程差异。莺一段III-2亚气组发育三期向海方向侧向叠置的大型坝体，莺一段III-1亚气组以孤立分布的小型坝体为主，叠置在早期坝体上；单一坝体表现孤立型、垂向叠加型和侧向迁移型 3 种叠置样式。构型特征受控于波浪动力分带作用，升浪带发育孤立型坝体，破浪带和碎浪带形成垂向叠加型坝体，冲浪带以侧向迁移型坝体为主。受海平面高频变化和沉积动力分异影响，单一坝内部增生体与夹层近岸水平展布，远岸呈低角度向海方面依次叠置。该结果为其他相似地区的气田储层预测和井网优化提供依据。

Abstract

The shallow marine beach-bar deposits are crucial reservoir types for natural gas development in the Ledong 15D Gas Field, Ledong Area, Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea. To reveal the complex internal architecture of the reservoir sandbodies, the gas group III of the first member of the Yinggehai Formation(Ying 1 Member) was selected as the study target. Methods including petrographic analysis, laser particle size analysis, well log response analysis, and seismic attribute analysis were employed to investigate the sedimentary characteristics of the gas group III in the Ying 1 Member, clarify criteria for identifying single bar boundaries, conduct architectural analysis, study the genesis of the architecture, and establish architectural models. The results indicate that the sediments of the gas group III in the Ying 1 Member exhibit high compositional maturity and are dominated by fine-grained sands, developing contiguous beach-bar sandbodies distributed parallel to the shoreline. The beach-bar sandbodies are classified into three hierarchical levels: composite beach-bar, single bar, and accretionary unit. The criteria for identifying single bar boundaries can be summarized into four types: inter-bar beach sand, inter-bar shallow marine mud, differences in well log curve morphology and thickness, and elevation differences between adjacent bars. The sub-gas group III-2 of the Ying 1 Member developed three stages of largescale bars laterally stacked seaward, while the sub-gas group III-1 is dominated by isolated small-scale bars superimposed on earlier bar deposits. The single bars exhibit three stacking patterns: isolated, vertically superimposed, and laterally migrating. The architectural characteristics are controlled by hydrodynamic zonation of wave action: isolated bars develop in the swell zone, vertically superimposed bars form in the breaker and surf zones, and laterally migrating bars dominate in the swash zone. Influenced by high-frequency sea-level fluctuations and hydrodynamic differentiation, the internal accretionary units and interbeds within a single bar are distributed nearly horizontally nearshore and progressively stack seaward at low angles offshore. These results provide a basis for reservoir prediction and well pattern optimization during gas field development.

关键词

滨浅海滩坝 / 砂体构型 / 成因模式 / 单一坝 / 增生体 / 莺歌海组 / 乐东15D 气田 / 莺歌海盆地

Key words

shore-shallow marine beach-bar / sandbody architecture / genetic model / single bar / accretionary body / Yinggehai Formation / Ledong 15D Gas Field / Yinggehai Basin

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基金资助

海南省＂南海新星＂科技创新人才平台项目(NHXXRCXM202368)