准噶尔盆地中拐凸起南部佳木河組储层发育特征及演化序列

Reservoir developmet characteristics and evolution sequences of Jiamuhe Formation in the south of Zhongguai Uplift, Junggar Basin

摘要

中拐凸起南部下二叠统佳木河组，是准噶尔盆地西北缘重要的深层—超深层致密砂（砾）岩油气勘探热点区带。利用岩心薄片、高压压汞、电镜扫描及岩心三维 CT 扫描等测试分析技术，表征储层岩石学、储层物性和储集空间发育特点，探讨储层控制因素及演化过程。结果表明：研究区储层岩性为富含浊沸石胶结物的致密砾岩，储集空间以后期溶蚀类孔隙为主，具有中高孔隙度、低渗透率的特点，孔喉配位数较低，孔隙连通较差；扇三角洲前缘是储层发育的主要相带，压实作用和胶结作用导致储层致密化，浊沸石的溶蚀作用是致密储层成藏成储的主要内在因素；断裂、不整合通过增强溶蚀作用的广度和深度影响储层的去致密化过程；受构造抬升淋滤和烃源岩演化影响，储层经过地表弱酸性水、排烃初期有机酸和过成熟阶段原油裂解CO₂分压上升三期溶蚀作用改造，地表弱酸性水淋滤是储层去致密化的主要原因。该结果为研究区和同类型储层勘探开发提供参考。

Abstract

The Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation in the south of Zhongguai Uplift is an important petroleum exploration hotspot of the deep-ultra-deep tight sandstone (conglomerate) in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin. The reservoir petrology, reservoir physical properties and reservoir space development characteristics are characterized by using core thin section, high pressure mercury injection, SEM and core three-dimensional CT scanning, and reservoir control factors and evolution process are discussed. The results show that: the reservoir lithology in the study area is dense conglomerate rich in laumontite cement, which has the characteristics of medium-high porosity and low permeability. The reservoir space is dominated by late dissolution pores. The pore throat coordination number and the pore connectivity are bad. Fan delta front is the main facies belt of reservoir development. Compaction and cementation lead to reservoir densification. The dissolution of laumontite is the main internal factor of tight reservoir accumulation. The tectonic effects such as faults and unconformities affect the eliminating densification process of reservoirs by enhancing the breadth and depth of dissolution. Affected by tectonic uplift leaching and source rock evolution, the reservoir was modified by three stages of dissolution: weak acid water on the surface, organic acid in the early stage of hydrocarbon expulsion and partial pressure rise of CO₂ with crude oil cracking in the over-mature stage. Among them, the leaching of weak acid water on the surface is the main reason for reservoir eliminating densification. The results provide a reference for the exploration and development of the study area and the same type of reservoir.

关键词

准噶尔盆地 / 中拐凸起 / 佳木河组 / 储层 / 发育特征 / 浊沸石 / 演化序列

Key words

Junggar Basin / Zhongguai Uplift / Jiamuhe Formation / reservoir / development characteristics / laumontite / evolution sequence

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基金资助

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技攻关项目(2023ZZ24YJ01)