全油气系统源储侧接式致密油藏主控因素及成藏模式 ——以玛南斜坡区风城组二段为例

The main controlling factors and accumulation model of laterally connected source-reservoir tight oil reservoirs in the whole oil and gas system: a case study of the second member of Fengcheng Formation in Manan Slope Area

摘要

玛南斜坡区是准噶尔盆地非常规油气勘探的重要接替领域。根据研究区测录井、分析化验和生产测试等资料，明确油藏类型及分布规律，研究玛南斜坡区风城组二段致密油藏主控因素及成藏模式。结果表明：玛南斜坡区风城组二段（ P₁f₂ ）油藏为全油气系统背景下的致密油藏，源储侧向对接，具有整体含油、局部富集的特征，甜点主要分布于风城组二段二砂组二小层（ P₁f₂ ^2-2 ）和三小层（P₁f₂ ^2-3 ）。油藏受储层品质、源储配置和异常高压等因素控制，储层品质控制油气富集程度，研究区储层分为三类，其中 I 类储层岩性粒度较粗，孔喉结构好，是油气优先富集区；厚储薄源型配置中的薄层烃源岩的发育既为油藏形成提供物质基础，又改变储层润湿性或受生烃增压而形成微裂缝，为油气成藏提供条件；异常高压控制含油性及产能平面分布，超压区水平井含油率及产能更高。研究区为源储侧接、优储控富、超压驱动的成藏模式。该结果为研究区和类似区块的后续开发建产提供指导。

Abstract

The southern slope of the Mahu Sag is a critical replacement area for unconventional oil and gas exploration in the Junggar Basin. Based on data from well logging, core analysis, laboratory tests, and production tests in the study area, research was conducted on the main controlling factors and accumulation model of tight oil reservoirs in the second member of the Fengcheng Formation ( P₁f₂ ) in the southern slope area, according to reservoir types and distribution patterns. The results indicate that the P₁f₂ reservoirs in the southern slope are tight oil accumulations within a total petroleum system, characterized by lateral source-reservoir juxtaposition, overall oil-bearing potential, and local enrichment. Sweet spots are primarily distributed in the second sub-layer (P₁f₂ ^2-2) and the third sub-layer (P₁f₂ ^2-3) of the second member interval of P₁f₂. The reservoirs are jointly controlled by reservoir quality, source rock thickness, and abnormal pressure. Reservoir quality governs the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment. Based on pore-throat structure, the reservoirs can be classified into three categories, with class I reservoirs having coarser grain size and better pore-throat structure, serving as the preferred areas for hydrocarbon enrichment. In the thick-reservoir and thin-source assemblage, the development of thinlayer source rocks not only provides the material basis for reservoir formation but also facilitates accumulation by altering reservoir wettability or generating microfractures through hydrocarbon-generation pressurization. Abnormal high pressure controls the spatial distribution of oil-bearing potential and productivity, with overpressured zones exhibiting higher oil saturation and productivity in horizontal wells. The accumulation model in the study area is defined as lateral source-reservoir juxtaposition, high-quality reservoirs controlling enrichment, and overpressure-driven charging. These findings provide guidance for subsequent development and production in the study area.

关键词

准噶尔盆地 / 玛南斜坡 / 风城组 / 全油气系统 / 源储侧接 / 致密油藏 / 主控因素 / 成藏模式

Key words

Junggar Basin / Manan Slope / Fengcheng Formation / the whole oil and gas system / laterally connected source-reservoir / tight oil reservoir / main controlling factors / accumulation mode

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基金资助

国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1400301)

中国石油天然气集团有限公司油气与新能源分公司科技专项(2023YQX10106)