原型盆地演化及其对沉积体系和成藏条件的控制作用——以大杨树盆地南部坳陷九峰山组为例

Prototype basin evolution and its controls on sedimentary systems and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions: a case study of the Jiufengshan Formation in the southern sag of the Dayangshu Basin

摘要

以大杨树盆地南部坳陷九峰山组为研究对象,采用地震资料精细解释和构造演化恢复方法,重建九峰山组原型盆地,分析原型特征及其对沉积演化与油气成藏的控制作用。结果表明:九峰山组原型盆地受东部分段式边界断裂控制,呈“东深西浅、东西分带、南北分块”的古构造格局,北部太平川洼陷与中部玉林屯洼陷早期形成并长期继承发育,南部宝山洼陷形成较晚。构造演化制约沉积体系展布,东部边界断裂控制沉降-沉积中心,发育粗粒扇体;西部发育火山成因扇体,沉降中心自东向西迁移,控制烃源岩分布与热演化程度。古构造格局控制扇三角洲前缘等有利储集相带发育,末期构造活动形成断背斜、断鼻等圈闭,构成“九三段生烃、九五段储集、甘河组封盖”的成藏组合。南部坳陷九峰山组具备8.19×10⁷t油气资源潜力,太平川洼陷与玉林屯洼陷烃源岩厚度大、热演化程度高,上覆多期扇体储层叠置发育,是油气勘探有利区带。该结果为深化大杨树盆地油气成藏规律认识及勘探部署提供依据。

Abstract

This study investigates the Jiufengshan Formation in the southern sag of the Dayangshu Basin. Using fine-scale seismic interpretation and tectonic evolution restoration techniques, we reconstructed the prototype basin of the Jiufengshan Formation and analyzed its controlling effects on sedimentary evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation. The results indicate that the prototype basin of the Jiufengshan Formation was controlled by segmented boundary faults in the east, exhibiting a paleo-tectonic framework characterized by “deep in the east and shallow in the west, east-west zonation, and north-south block division”. The Taipingchuan Sag in the north and Yulintun Sag in the center formed early and underwent long-term sustained development, whereas the Baoshan Sag in the south formed later. Tectonic evolution constrained the distribution of sedimentary systems: the eastern boundary faults controlled the subsidence-depocenter and facilitated the development of coarse-grained fans, while volcanic fans developed in the west. The subsidence center migrated from east to west, controlling the distribution and thermal maturation of source rocks. The paleo-tectonic framework governed the development of favorable reservoir facies such as fan delta fronts. Late-stage tectonic activities formed faulted anticlines and faulted noses, creating a reservoir assemblage characterized by “source rocks in the third member of the Jiufengshan Formation, reservoirs in the fifth member, and cap rocks in the Ganhe Formation”. The Jiufengshan Formation in the southern depression possesses a petroleum resource potential of 8.19×10⁷t. The Taipingchuan Sag and Yulintun Sag characterized by thick source rocks, high thermal maturity, and stacked multi-stage fan reservoirs, are identified as favorable zones for future hydrocarbon exploration. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding hydrocarbon accumulation patterns and guiding exploration deployment in the Dayangshu Basin.

关键词

原型盆地恢复 / 沉积体系 / 成藏条件 / 勘探潜力 / 控制作用 / 大杨树盆地 / 九峰山组

Key words

prototype basin restoration / sedimentary system / reservoir formation conditions / exploration potential / controlling effect / Dayangshu Basin / Jiufengshan Formation

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基金资助

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技项目(2023YQX10102)