不同水位梯度下湿地土壤酶活性及微生物群落变化特征
徐佳 , 左娟容 , 田佩冉 , 谭小婷 , 杨贵宇 , 柏松
西南民族大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5) : 480 -487.
不同水位梯度下湿地土壤酶活性及微生物群落变化特征
Characteristics of soil enzyme activities and microbial community changes in wetlands under different water level gradients
全球变暖引起的湿地水位变化对湿地土壤生态系统产生了重要影响,但关于水位变化对湿地土壤生物学特性的影响研究结果不一. 本研究以三岔湖湿地为对象,对比分析不同水位梯度(高水位:水深20~80 cm;中水位:水深-30~+30 cm;低水位:水深-20~-80 cm)湿地土壤酶活性和微生物多样性特征,结果表明:不同水位条件下湿地土壤有机碳含量差异不显著,但全氮和全磷含量存在显著差异; 中水位湿地土壤荧光素二乙酸酯(Fluorescein Dacetate,FDA)水解酶活性和脲酶活性均显著高于低水位湿地,但其土壤磷酸酶活性与低水位湿地差异不显著; 3种水位条件下β-葡萄糖苷酶活性无显著差异; 水位变化对湿地土壤微生物群落多样性具有显著影响,中水位环境的微生物群落多样性显著高于高水位和低水位环境; 不同水位湿地土壤微生物优势菌群结构组成差异不大,但相对丰度存在差异.
Water level fluctuations in wetlands caused by global warming have important impacts on wetland soil ecosystems. However, existing studies report inconsistent findings regarding the impacts of water level changes on soil biological properties in wetlands. In this study, using Sancha Lake wetland as the research object, the enzyme activities and microbial diversity characteristics were compared under different water level gradients (high water level: water depth 20–80 cm, medium water level: water depth -30 to +30 cm, low water level: water depth-20 to -80 cm). The results showed that the soil organic carbon content did not differ significantly among the different water levels, whereas the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content showed significant differences. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase activity and urease activity in wetland soil under the medium water level were significantly higher than those under the low water level, whereas soil phosphatase activity did not differ significantly between the medium and low water levels. There was no significant difference in β-glucosidase activity among the three water levels. Water level changes had a significant impact on the diversity of microbial communities in wetland soil, with significantly higher microbial community diversity under the medium water level than under the high and low water levels. The composition of the dominant microbial community structures in wetland soils showed little difference among the different water levels, whereas the relative abundances of these communities differed.
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中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(ZYN2023110)
西南民族大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410656144)
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