基于AnyLogic智能仿真平台的灾害救治可扩展病房人力与设备资源 配置模型研究
宋慧娜 , 何露斯 , 李胜男 , 彭碧波 , 高相楠 , 赵欣 , 律苗
解放军医学院学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (09) : 903 -909.
基于AnyLogic智能仿真平台的灾害救治可扩展病房人力与设备资源 配置模型研究
Research on healthcare human resources and equipment configuration of scalable wards for disaster relief based on AnyLogic
背景 近年来全球自然灾害频发,灾害医学救援体系面临严峻挑战,其中可扩展病房作为灾后救治的核心载体,其资源配置效率直接决定了应急救援效果。 目的 构建灾害救治可扩展病房医护人力与设备资源配置模型,为灾害医学救援提供科学依据。 方法 基于AnyLogic多智能体建模,构建伤员智能体属性集,设计可扩展病房医疗处置结构,建立医护人力与医疗设备智能体交互规则。通过模拟仿真不同规模伤员情景下的医疗救治过程,分析医护人力配比、医疗设备需求,验证模型的有效性。 结果 伤员智能体属性集包含5个维度:伤情类别、伤情程度、救治优先级、入院与出院状态和处置时间。基于对灾害救援场景的典型负荷分级考量参考方舱医院运行效率的数据(60 ~ 680人次/d)设定低负荷、最优负荷、高负荷、超负荷4个级别伤员规模,轻度伤情病房医护患比1∶8∶50、中度伤情病房医护患比1∶4∶20、重伤情病房医护患比1∶1∶2时,医护资源利用率最优,平均等候时间最短。日均接诊200人次时救治完成率达95%以上,设备配置以保温毯、止血绷带等基础器材为核心,重伤情病房需增配呼吸机、除颤仪等设备。 结论 基于AnyLogic的可扩展病房资源配置模型可有效指导灾害医学救援中的医护人力与设备动态配置,能够在一定程度上提高救治效率。
Background In recent years, frequent natural disasters worldwide have posed severe challenges to disaster medical rescue systems. Among these, scalable wards serve as the core component for post-disaster medical treatment, and the efficiency of their resource allocation directly determines the effectiveness of emergency rescue operations. Objective To establish a configuration model for healthcare human resources and equipment in scalable wards for disaster relief, and provide scientific basis for disaster medical rescue. Methods Based on AnyLogic multi-agent modeling, casualty agent attribute sets were constructed, scalable ward medical treatment structures were designed, and interaction rules between medical staff and equipment agents were established. The effectiveness of the model was verified by simulating medical treatment processes under different casualty scenarios and analyzing healthcare staff ratio and medical equipment requirements. Results The injured agent attribute set included five dimensions: injury category, injury degree, treatment priority, admission and discharge status, and disposal time. Based on the typical load classification of disaster rescue scenarios and referring to the data of the transport efficiency of the cabin hospital (60-680 person times/day), the medical resource utilization rate was the best and the average waiting time was the shortest when the ratio of doctors and patients in mild injury ward was 1∶8∶50, that in moderate injury ward was 1∶4∶20, and that in severe injury ward was 1∶1∶2. The completion rate of treatment was more than 95% when the average number of daily visits was 200. The equipment configuration was centered on basic equipment such as thermal insulation blanket and hemostatic bandage. The severe injury ward needed to be equipped with ventilator, defibrillator and other equipment. Conclusion The AnyLogic-based scalable ward resource configuration model can effectively guide dynamic allocation of healthcare human resources and equipment in disaster medical rescue, thereby improving treatment efficiency.
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