黄芪桂枝五物汤对气虚血瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变患者的治疗效果及血浆microRNA-146a对其诊断效能的初步研究
王静茹 , 李乔
解放军医学院学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (01) : 83 -89.
黄芪桂枝五物汤对气虚血瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变患者的治疗效果及血浆microRNA-146a对其诊断效能的初步研究
Preliminary study in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis type of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: Therapeutic effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction and diagnostic effect of plasma microRNA-146a
背景 糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)是糖尿病最常见且危害严重的慢性并发症之一,寻找与DPN发生、发展及疗效相关的生物学标志物,对于实现早期精准诊断、动态监测病情和指导个体化治疗具有重要的临床意义。近年来,中医药如黄芪桂枝五物汤在改善DPN症状方面显示出一定潜力,但其疗效的客观评价仍面临挑战。 目的 分析黄芪桂枝五物汤对气虚血瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变患者的疗效,探讨血浆microRNA-146a对DPN的诊断评估价值。 方法 2022年1月至2023年12月中国中医科学院附属广安门医院(南区)内分泌科收治的气虚血瘀型DPN患者随机分为2组,对照组在糖尿病基础治疗基础上给予甲钴胺治疗,观察组给予甲钴胺联合黄芪桂枝五物汤加减方治疗。观察并比较两组疗效、血糖、神经传导速度、中医证候积分及血浆microRNA-146a水平的变化,分析microRNA-146a对DPN的诊断效能。 结果 最终分析共纳入54例气虚血瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变患者,其中观察组28例,男女比例为19∶9,平均年龄(35.2 ± 8.5)岁。对照组26例,男女比例为17:9,平均年龄(36.8 ± 7.9)岁,两组年龄、性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(89.3% vs 57.7%,P=0.008)。治疗后两组患者胫神经传导速度均显著提升(P<0.05),但观察组较对照组改善更明显[左胫神经:(44.14 ± 3.39) m/s vs (41.95 ± 3.03) m/s,P=0.016;右胫神经:(43.07 ± 3.01) m/s vs (41.39 ± 2.22) m/s,P=0.024]。治疗后两组患者空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖均较同组治疗前显著降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显[空腹血糖:(7.13±0.78) mmol/L vs (7.86±1.08) mmol/L,P=0.006;餐后2 h血糖:(9.65±0.78) mmol/L vs (10.47±1.49) mmol/L,P=0.013]。治疗后观察组血浆microRNA-146a水平高于对照组[M(IQR):15.46(5.41 ~ 23.11) vs 8.65(4.16 ~ 11.94),P=0.018]。血浆microRNA-146a对DPN的诊断效能:ROC-AUC (95%CI)为0.769(0.614 ~ 0.905),诊断阈值为10。 结论 黄芪桂枝五物汤加减方可减轻气虚血瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变患者的神经症状及神经缺陷,增加神经传导速度,改善临床症状,并增加血浆microRNA-146a表达。血浆 microRNA-146a 的表达水平对 DPN 具有一定的诊断与评估价值,提示其有望成为潜在的诊断标志物。
Background Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common and serious chronic complications of diabetes. Identifying biological markers related to the occurrence, development, and treatment efficacy of DPN is of great clinical significance for achieving early precise diagnosis, dynamic monitoring of the condition, and guiding individualized treatment. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction, has shown certain potential in improving DPN symptoms, but objective evaluation of its efficacy still faces challenges. Objective To analyze the efficacy of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction on patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis type DPN, and explore the diagnostic evaluation value of plasma microRNA-146a for DPN. Methods Patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis type DPN admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital (South District), China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, from January 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into control group (Western medicine group) and observation group (TCM addition group). The control group received mecobalamin treatment based on basic diabetes treatment, while the observation group received mecobalamin combined with modified Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction. Efficacy, blood glucose levels, nerve conduction velocity, TCM syndrome scores, and changes in plasma microRNA-146a levels were observed. The levels of microRNA-146a were compared with those in non-DPN diabetic patients to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy for DPN. Results A total of 54 patients with diabetes mellitus peripheral neuropathy of the Qi deficiency and blood stasis type were included in the final analysis. Among them, the observation group consisted of 28 cases, with 19 males and 9 females, aged (35.2 ± 8.5) years. The control group consisted of 26 cases, with 17 males and 9 females, aged (36.8 ± 7.9) years. The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (89.3% vs 57.7%, P=0.008). After treatment, the tibial nerve conduction velocity in both groups was significantly improved (P<0.05), but the improvement in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group (left tibial nerve: [44.14±3.39] m/s vs [41.95±3.03] m/s, P=0.016; right tibial nerve: [43.07±3.01] m/s vs [41.39±2.22] m/s, P=0.024). After treatment, the fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment in the same group, and the reduction in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group (fasting blood glucose: [7.13±0.78] mmol/L vs [7.86±1.08] mmol/L, P=0.006; 2-hour postprandial blood glucose: [9.65±0.78] mmol/L vs [10.47±1.49] mmol/L, P=0.013). After treatment, the plasma microRNA-146a level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (M[IQR]: 15.46(5.41 - 23.11) vs 8.65(4.16 - 11.94), P=0.018). The ROC-AUC of diagnostic efficacy of plasma microRNA-146a for DPN was 0.769 (95% CI: 0.614 - 0.905), with a diagnostic threshold of 10. Conclusion Modified Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction can alleviate neurological symptoms and defects in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis type DPN, increase nerve conduction velocity, improve clinical symptoms, and increase plasma microRNA-146a expression. The expression level of plasma microRNA-146a has certain diagnostic and evaluation value for DPN, suggesting that it has the potential to become a potential diagnostic marker.
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中国中医科学院广安门医院(南区)第4批倪青主任医师学术经验传承
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