留守经历成年人脑结构功能改变与rs12678428多态性的相关性

Correlation Study of Brain Structural and Functional Alterations in Adults with Childhood Left-behind Experience and rs12678428 Polymorphism

摘要

目的 探讨童年留守经历与抑郁风险基因rs12678428多态性对成年期脑结构及功能的影响。方法 在2022年9月至2025年8月间招募南方有无留守经历的健康成年人303名，采集人口学资料静脉血及MRI数据。根据rs12678428是否携带T等位基因分为TT+TC和CC两组；计算非留守组和留守组志愿者不同基因型间灰质体积（gray matter volume，GMV）、低频振幅（amplitude of low frequency fluctuation，ALFF）、低频振幅分数（fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation，fALFF）、局部一致性（regional homogeneity，ReHo）、度中心性（degree centrality，DC）差异的脑区，分析差异脑区的功能，探讨留守经历、rs12678428多态性和脑结构、功能间的关系。结果 TT+TC与CC两组间性别、年龄及受教育程度比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；非留守组中TT+TC与CC两组间GMV、ALFF、ReHo、DC存在统计学差异（P < 0.05），差异脑区主要位于双侧岛叶、颞叶、中央后回及梭状回等区域；留守组中TT+TC与CC两组间GMV、ALFF、fALFF、ReHo存在统计学差异（P < 0.05），差异脑区主要位于双侧距状裂周围皮层、舌回、中央前后回及尾状核等区域。结论 rs12678428基因多态性与脑结构和功能改变密切相关，留守经历可能影响其作用模式。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of childhood left-behind experiences and the depression-related risk gene rs12678428 polymorphism on brain structure and function in adulthood. Methods Healthy adults from southern China, with or without left-behind experiences, were recruited between September 2022 and August 2025. Demographic data, venous blood samples and MRI data were collected. Participants were divided into two genotype groups according to the presence of the T allele of rs12678428: TT+TC and CC. Gray matter volume (GMV), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) were compared between different genotypes in the non-left-behind and left-behind groups. The functions of differential brain regions were analyzed, and the relationships among left-behind experience, rs12678428 polymorphism, and brain structure and function were further explored. Results No significant differences in gender, age, or education level were found between the TT+TC and CC groups (P > 0.05). In the non-left-behind group, significant differences in GMV, ALFF, ReHo, and DC were observed between TT+TC and CC genotypes (P < 0.05), mainly in the bilateral insula, temporal lobe, postcentral gyrus and fusiform gyrus. In the left-behind group, significant differences in GMV, ALFF, fALFF, and ReHo were found between TT+TC and CC genotypes (P < 0.05), predominantly in the bilateral pericalcarine cortex, lingual gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus and caudate nucleus. Conclusion The rs12678428 gene polymorphism is closely associated with alterations in brain structure and function, and left-behind experiences may modulate its pattern of effects.

关键词

rs12678428 / 童年留守经历 / 成年人 / 脑结构 / 脑功能

Key words

Rs12678428 / Childhood left-behind experience / Adults / Brain structure / Brain function

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(82160275)