哈蟆油鉴别方法的历史演变与技术创新研究
李晓华 , 郭丁禹 , 仇广杰 , 李洋 , 李新艺 , 孙天霞
长春中医药大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4) : 483 -488.
哈蟆油鉴别方法的历史演变与技术创新研究
Research on the historical evolution and technological innovation of identification methods for Oviductus Ranae
中药伪劣品泛滥严重扰乱市场秩序,而中药材质量的有效控制是确保临床疗效与用药安全的关键基础。传统动物药哈蟆油的主要伪品包括青蛙油、中华大蟾蜍油及明太鱼精巢等,主要混淆品则涉及琼脂糖蛋白胨、马铃薯与甘薯加工品等,建立一种高效、精准、低廉、无损的哈蟆油真伪鉴别技术对其质量评价与市场监管具有重要意义。本文系统综述了近年来哈蟆油鉴别方法的历史演变,涵盖传统经验鉴别阶段、仪器分析技术鉴别阶段、分子生物技术鉴别阶段以及人工智能(AI)技术鉴别阶段。此外,本文展望了深度学习技术在哈蟆油真伪鉴别、品质评价及产地溯源中的潜在应用价值,并为下一步实际应用提出了“构建哈蟆油表征数据集”和“深度学习评价哈蟆油品质”2个研究思路,对哈蟆油鉴定技术创新提供重要理论参考。
The rampant circulation of counterfeit and inferior traditional Chinese medicines has severely disrupted market order. Effective quality control of these medicines is crucial foundation for ensuring clinical efficacy and medication safety. The main counterfeits of traditional animal-derived medicine Oviductus Ranae include frog oviducts, Bufo gargarizans oviducts, and the testes of Gadus chalcogrammus, while the primary adulterants involve agarose peptone, and processed potato and sweet potato products. Therefore, establishing an efficient, accurate, low-cost, and non-destructive identification technology for Oviductus Ranae is of great significance for its quality evaluation and market supervision. This paper systematically reviews the historical evolution of identification methods for Oviductus Ranae in recent years, covering traditional empirical identification stage, instrumental analysis technology identification stage, molecular biotechnology identification stage, and artificial intelligence (AI) technology identification stage. Furthermore, this paper explores the potential application value of deep learning technology in the authentication identification, quality assessment, and geographical origin tracing of Oviductus Ranae. This paper proposes two research approaches for the next step of practical application, mamely "constructing a characterization dataset for Oviductus Ranae" and "evaluating Oviductus Ranae quality using deep learning", providing the important theoretical references for the innovation of Oviductus Ranae identification technology.
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吉林省科技厅青年科技人才项目(20250602061RC)
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