针刺治疗气滞血瘀型原发性痛经研究进展
于世鳌 , 胡英华 , 赵杰 , 娄桐 , 汤乔木 , 方子鑫
长春中医药大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5) : 617 -622.
针刺治疗气滞血瘀型原发性痛经研究进展
Research progress on primary dysmenorrhea of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type treated with acupuncture
原发性痛经(PD)是女性常见生殖系统疾病,气滞血瘀型为临床高发证型,核心病机为“气机郁滞、血行不畅”。现代医学认为其发病与前列腺素过度分泌、神经递质失衡、免疫炎症激活及子宫微循环障碍相关。现有药物治疗存在副作用大及复发率高的局限,而针刺疗法作为安全有效的治疗方案受到广泛关注。该文系统梳理针刺治疗气滞血瘀型PD的理论基础与临床证据,从中医脏腑经络辨证阐释其“疏肝理气、活血通经”的机制,结合现代医学揭示针刺对内分泌-前列腺素轴、内啡肽系统、炎症因子及子宫血流的调控作用,并系统分析传统针刺、电针、温针灸等技术的疗效特点,以期为临床治疗与后续研究提供参考。
Primary dysmenorrhea is a common disease of female reproductive system dysfunction. The syndrome of Qi stagnation and blood stasis is a clinical high-incidence syndrome, and the core pathogenesis is "Qi stagnation and poor blood flow". Modern medicine believes that it is related to excessive secretion of prostaglandins, neurotransmitter imbalance, immune and inflammatory activation and uterine microcirculation disorders. The existing drug therapies have the limitations of side effects and high recurrence rate, while acupuncture therapy, as a safe and effective alternative, has attracted much attention. This paper systematically sorts out the theoretical basis and clinical evidence of acupuncture treatment of PD with Qi stagnation and blood stasis type, and elucidates its mechanism of "soothing liver and regulating qi, promoting blood circulation and dredging meridians" from the perspective of syndrome differentiation of zang-fu organs and meridians in TCM. Combined with modern medicine, this paper elucidates the regulatory effects of acupuncture on endocrine-prostaglandin axis, endorphin system, inflammatory factors and uterine blood flow, while systematically analyzing the therapeutic characteristics of traditional acupuncture, electroacupuncture and warm acupuncture, and other techniques, aiming to provide references for clinical treatment and subsepuent research.
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