气运变化视角下鼻鼽冬季发病及诊疗思路探析

屈涵嵘 ,  任志程 ,  梁丽金 ,  袁卫玲

现代中医临床 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3) : 99 -102.

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现代中医临床 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3) : 99 -102. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6606.2026.03.019
理论探讨

气运变化视角下鼻鼽冬季发病及诊疗思路探析

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Analysis of winter onset patterns and therapeutic approaches for biqiu from the perspective of qi movement variations

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摘要

鼻鼽是临床常见的鼻窍疾患,以突然和反复发作的鼻痒、喷嚏、流清水涕为主要特征。冬季气运失常与鼻窍疾患关系密切。冬气平秘,气运中和,外则天地寒邪虽厉,然卫气充盛,腠理致密;内则水湿不泛,虚火不扰,鼻窍得清气濡养,邪无由犯。气运失常则鼻鼽始生,具体表现为:燥邪不解,鼻鼽为殃;冬寒凌冽,鼽嚏由生;湿淫土胜,鼽涕困脾;冬温悖令,热鼽乃发;冬令阳弱,鼽涕困窍。需辨查气运,审证施治,包括:温润寒燥、鼻窍得通,祛风散寒、固表通窍,透湿解表、宣通鼻窍,苦寒祛热、肺清窍通,温助阳气、化饮御寒。

Abstract

Biqiu, a Traditional Chinese Medicine term broadly corresponding to allergic rhinitis, is a common nasal disease encountered in clinical practice. It is mainly characterized by sudden and recurrent episodes of nasal itching, sneezing, and profuse clear nasal discharge. Disorders of winter qi movement are closely related to diseases of the nasal orifices. When winter qi remains balanced and conserved, and qi movement is in harmony, although external cold pathogens may be intense, defensive qi is sufficient and the interstices are secure. Internally, water-dampness does not overflow, deficiency fire does not disturb, and the nasal orifices are nourished by clear qi, leaving pathogenic factors with no opportunity to invade. However, once winter qi movement becomes disordered, biqiu may arise. Specifically, unresolved dryness may damage the nose and give rise to biqiu; severe winter cold may induce sneezing and nasal symptoms; excessive dampness with earth predominance may encumber the spleen and result in copious nasal discharge; unseasonal winter warmth may transform into heat and trigger hot-type biqiu; and insufficiency of yang qi in winter may lead to fluid retention and obstruction of the nasal orifices. Therefore, the pattern of qi movement should be carefully identified and treatment should be determined on the basis of pattern differentiation. Therapeutic approaches include warming and moistening to relieve cold-dryness and restore nasal patency; dispelling wind and scattering cold to secure the exterior and open the nasal orifices; transforming dampness and releasing the exterior to ventilate the nasal passages; clearing heat with bitter-cold medicinals to clear the lung and unblock the orifices; and warming yang to promote qi transformation, resolve retained fluids, and protect against cold.

关键词

鼻鼽 / 冬令 / 三焦病机 / 气运 / 天人相应

Key words

biqiu / winter constitution / triple energizer pathogenesis / qi movement patterns / celestial-terrestrial correspondence

引用本文

引用格式 ▾
屈涵嵘,任志程,梁丽金,袁卫玲. 气运变化视角下鼻鼽冬季发病及诊疗思路探析[J]. 现代中医临床, 2026, 33(3): 99-102 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-6606.2026.03.019

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82474356)

天津中医药大学研究生科研创新项目(YJSKC-20240018)

国家中医药管理局第六批全国中医临床优秀人才研修项目(国中医药人教函〔2025〕256号)

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