PDF (1576K)
摘要
鼻鼽是临床常见的鼻窍疾患,以突然和反复发作的鼻痒、喷嚏、流清水涕为主要特征。冬季气运失常与鼻窍疾患关系密切。冬气平秘,气运中和,外则天地寒邪虽厉,然卫气充盛,腠理致密;内则水湿不泛,虚火不扰,鼻窍得清气濡养,邪无由犯。气运失常则鼻鼽始生,具体表现为:燥邪不解,鼻鼽为殃;冬寒凌冽,鼽嚏由生;湿淫土胜,鼽涕困脾;冬温悖令,热鼽乃发;冬令阳弱,鼽涕困窍。需辨查气运,审证施治,包括:温润寒燥、鼻窍得通,祛风散寒、固表通窍,透湿解表、宣通鼻窍,苦寒祛热、肺清窍通,温助阳气、化饮御寒。
Abstract
Biqiu, a Traditional Chinese Medicine term broadly corresponding to allergic rhinitis, is a common nasal disease encountered in clinical practice. It is mainly characterized by sudden and recurrent episodes of nasal itching, sneezing, and profuse clear nasal discharge. Disorders of winter qi movement are closely related to diseases of the nasal orifices. When winter qi remains balanced and conserved, and qi movement is in harmony, although external cold pathogens may be intense, defensive qi is sufficient and the interstices are secure. Internally, water-dampness does not overflow, deficiency fire does not disturb, and the nasal orifices are nourished by clear qi, leaving pathogenic factors with no opportunity to invade. However, once winter qi movement becomes disordered, biqiu may arise. Specifically, unresolved dryness may damage the nose and give rise to biqiu; severe winter cold may induce sneezing and nasal symptoms; excessive dampness with earth predominance may encumber the spleen and result in copious nasal discharge; unseasonal winter warmth may transform into heat and trigger hot-type biqiu; and insufficiency of yang qi in winter may lead to fluid retention and obstruction of the nasal orifices. Therefore, the pattern of qi movement should be carefully identified and treatment should be determined on the basis of pattern differentiation. Therapeutic approaches include warming and moistening to relieve cold-dryness and restore nasal patency; dispelling wind and scattering cold to secure the exterior and open the nasal orifices; transforming dampness and releasing the exterior to ventilate the nasal passages; clearing heat with bitter-cold medicinals to clear the lung and unblock the orifices; and warming yang to promote qi transformation, resolve retained fluids, and protect against cold.
关键词
Key words
[Author(id=1281617827057668716, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827120583278, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827057668716, language=EN, stringName=Hanrong QU, firstName=Hanrong, middleName=null, lastName=QU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827175109232, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827057668716, language=CN, stringName=屈涵嵘, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617, bio={"content":"屈涵嵘,女,在读硕士生
"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=屈涵嵘,女,在读硕士生
, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281617826973782632, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617826990559849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617827007337066, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617)])]), Author(id=1281617827225440882, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827296744052, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827225440882, language=EN, stringName=Zhicheng REN, firstName=Zhicheng, middleName=null, lastName=REN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827347075703, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827225440882, language=CN, stringName=任志程, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281617826973782632, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617826990559849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617827007337066, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617)])]), Author(id=1281617827397407355, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827460321918, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827397407355, language=EN, stringName=Lijin LIANG, firstName=Lijin, middleName=null, lastName=LIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827506459263, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827397407355, language=CN, stringName=梁丽金, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281617826973782632, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617826990559849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617827007337066, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617)])]), Author(id=1281617827556790915, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yweiling_000@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827623899783, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827556790915, language=EN, stringName=Weiling YUAN, firstName=Weiling, middleName=null, lastName=YUAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=#, address=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1281617827670037129, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, authorId=1281617827556790915, language=CN, stringName=袁卫玲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=#, address=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281617826973782632, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617826990559849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 301617), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281617827007337066, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1276130406559727620, articleId=1276165092001952281, companyId=1281617826973782632, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津中医药大学 中医学院 天津 301617)])])]
屈涵嵘,任志程,梁丽金,袁卫玲.
气运变化视角下鼻鼽冬季发病及诊疗思路探析[J].
现代中医临床, 2026, 33(3): 99-102 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-6606.2026.03.019
| [1] |
阮岩, 田理. 中医耳鼻咽喉科学[M]. 3版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2021: 119.
|
| [2] |
张介宾. 景岳全书—上[M]. 李继明 ,整理. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2017: 640.
|
| [3] |
和翔宇, 王国华, 郭琦. 基于运气学说探讨癸卯年妇科疾病诊治规律[J]. 浙江中医药大学学报, 2023, 47(8): 926-931.
|
| [4] |
吉花蕊, 金朝晖. 基于金水相生法探讨金朝晖教授治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病经验[J]. 山西中医药大学学报, 2023, 24(4): 414-417.
|
| [5] |
刘完素. 素问玄机原病式[M]. 孙洽熙,孙峰,整理. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2023: 47.
|
| [6] |
刘灿, 胡淑萍. 清下法治疗小儿鼻炎临床应用体会[J]. 医学理论与实践, 2022, 35(17): 3058-3060.
|
| [7] |
吴澄. 仪礼逸经传[M]. 新1版. 北京: 中华书局, 1985: 74.
|
| [8] |
赵琰, 王雪茜, 赛佳洋, 等. 王庆国教授应用双辛鼻鼽散治疗过敏性鼻炎的经验[J]. 环球中医药, 2015, 8(10): 1206-1207.
|
| [9] |
陈旭, 苏柏豪, 于会勇, 等. 基于“四时之病,以其胜治之愈也”论治季节性过敏性鼻炎[J]. 吉林中医药, 2024, 44(11): 1274-1278.
|
| [10] |
郭萄, 贾国兵, 谢慧, 等. 从“肾—肺—卫”论鼻鼽的发生与辨治[J]. 中医杂志, 2022, 63(22): 2179-2182.
|
| [11] |
王伟明, 施嘉祥, 高宁, 等. 彭建中辨治变应性鼻炎(鼻鼽病)经验探析[J]. 现代中医临床, 2024, 31(6): 63-66.
|
| [12] |
余震. 古今医案按[M]. 苏礼,洪文旭,徐伟,整理. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2023: 151.
|
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82474356)
天津中医药大学研究生科研创新项目(YJSKC-20240018)
国家中医药管理局第六批全国中医临床优秀人才研修项目(国中医药人教函〔2025〕256号)