情志疗法治疗精神障碍相关性干眼的研究进展
Research progress on psychological therapy for dry eye disease associated with mental disorders
精神、心理等疾病是干眼发病的重要因素,其发病机制包括神经调节异常、泪液分泌功能改变、睑板腺功能障碍及炎症反应等多个方面。情绪健康与干眼的密切关系受到重视,与普通干眼患者相比,伴随焦虑或抑郁等症状的精神障碍相关性干眼患者症状更明显、对生活质量影响更严重。中医认为本病与情志异常、肝失疏泄、肝虚舍魂等病机相关,需要眼科和精神科医生的共同参与诊治,在治疗干眼的同时配合心理疗法和中医治疗,其中,中医情志疗法具有重要价值,常用方法包括情志相胜法、移情易性法、体质调理法、疏肝解郁法、正念疗法、芳香疗法等。在传统治疗基础上加入情志疗法“心身同调”,可在改善患者心理状态的同时缓解干眼症状,提升临床效果并促进身心健康。
Mental and psychological disorders are significant contributors to the onset of dry eye disease (DED). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this condition are multifaceted, encompassing abnormalities in neural regulation, alterations in tear secretion functionality, dysfunction of the meibomian glands, and inflammatory responses. The intricate relationship between emotional well-being and dry eye has garnered increasing attention; patients with DED associated with mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression, exhibit more pronounced symptoms and experience a more severe impact on their quality of life compared to those with typical DED. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) posits that this ailment is linked to emotional disturbances, liver dysfunction in regulating the flow of qi, and deficiencies that may affect the spirit. Consequently, a collaborative approach involving both ophthalmologists and psychiatrists is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. In addressing dry eye, it is crucial to integrate psychological therapies alongside TCM interventions. Among these, TCM’s emotional regulation therapies hold particular significance. Commonly employed methods include emotional counter-regulation, diversion and temperament-altering therapy, TCM Constitution-based conditioning, liver-soothing and depression-relieving remedies, mindfulness practices, and aromatherapy. By incorporating emotional therapies into conventional treatment regimens, a holistic approach known as simultaneous regulation of both mind and body can be achieved. This strategy not only ameliorates the psychological state of patients but also alleviates dry eye symptoms, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes and promoting overall physical and mental health.
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中央高水平中医医院临床科研业务经费项目(DFRCZY-2024ARC-003)
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