数字表型与人工智能技术在帕金森病评估及智慧康复中的应用
Digital Phenotyping and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Assessment and Smart Rehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease
帕金森病(PD)作为最常见的神经系统退行性疾病之一,主要病理特征为中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元进行性变性死亡。该病临床表现复杂多样,目前仍面临早期诊断困难与缺乏有效治愈手段的双重挑战。我国PD患病人数逐年增多,患者群体庞大。该病不仅严重影响患者生活质量,也极大地增加了社会医疗负担。随着科学技术的发展,数字表型与人工智能(AI)技术越来越多地应用于疾病诊断与治疗,为PD的管理带来了新契机。本文系统探讨了数字表型与AI技术在PD评估及智慧康复中应用的最新进展,包括语音分析、面部表情量化、体动信号监测以及AI与治疗相结合等方向,包含语音特征识别、表情评估、可穿戴设备及个性化康复策略的制定等多方面应用。文章同时指出当前在技术实施、临床应用及伦理规范等方面存在的问题和挑战,旨在为未来技术的开发和PD长病程的管理提供参考。
Parkinson's disease (PD), as one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, is primarily characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. The disease presents with complex and diverse clinical manifestations, and faces dual challenges in early diagnosis and the lack of curative treatments. The number of PD patients has been increasing year by year in China, forming a large patient population. The disease not only severely affects patients' quality of life but also greatly increases the societal healthcare burden. Advances in technology have enabled the growing application of digital phenotyping and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in disease diagnosis and therapy, offering new opportunities for PD management. This article systematically explores the latest progress in the application of digital phenotyping and AI technologies in PD assessment and smart rehabilitation, including speech analysis, quantification of facial expressions, motion signal monitoring, and the integration of AI with treatment. Specific applications encompass speech feature extraction, facial expression assessment, wearable devices, and the development of personalized rehabilitation strategies. The article also identifies current problems and challenges in technology implementation, clinical application, and ethical regulation, with the aim of providing insights for future technology development and long-term PD management.
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(82372556)
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