规律性有氧运动联合呼吸康复训练对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的影响
Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise Combined with Respiratory Rehabilitation Training on Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
目的 观察规律性有氧运动联合呼吸康复训练对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的影响。 方法 选择2021年8月—2023年9月南京大学医学院附属苏州医院老年医学科门诊及住院治疗的82例稳定期COPD患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组41例。2组均予COPD常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上增加呼吸康复训练,观察组在对照组基础上增加规律性有氧运动。2组均连续治疗3个月。分别于治疗前后采用运动心肺测试仪检测患者峰值摄氧量(Peak VO2)、最大分钟通气量(VEmax)和无氧阈时二氧化碳通气当量(VE/VCO2 at AT);采用6分钟步行试验(6MWT)评估患者运动耐力;采用圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评估患者生活质量;采用血气分析仪检测桡动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)和氧分压(PaO2)。 结果 与治疗前比较,2组治疗后Peak VO2和VEmax均显著升高(P<0.05),VE/VCO2 at AT均显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后Peak VO2和VEmax均较高(P<0.05),VE/VCO2 at AT较低(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后6MWT距离均显著增加(P<0.05),SGRQ评分均显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后6MWT距离较长(P<0.05),SGRQ评分较低(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后PaCO2均显著降低(P<0.05),PaO2均显著升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后PaCO2较低(P<0.05),PaO2较高(P<0.05)。 结论 规律性有氧运动联合呼吸康复训练可有效改善稳定期COPD患者心肺运动功能和运动耐力,提升其生活质量。
Objective To investigate the effects of regular aerobic exercise combined with respiratory rehabilitation training on patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 82 patients with stable COPD, who received outpatient or inpatient care in the Department of Geriatrics at the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from August 2021 to September 2023, were enrolled. According to a random number table, they were allocated into a control group and an observation group, with 41 patients in each group. Both groups received conventional COPD treatment. The control group underwent respiratory rehabilitation training in addition to the conventional treatment, while the observation group received regular aerobic exercise in addition to the intervention given to the control group. The treatment lasted for three consecutive months in both groups. Before and after treatment, cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed to measure peak oxygen uptake (Peak VO2), maximum minute ventilation (VEmax), and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide at anaerobic threshold (VE/VCO2 at AT) . The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) was used to assess exercise endurance. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was administered to evaluate quality of life. Blood gas analysis was conducted to measure partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in radial arterial blood. Results Compared with those before treatment, the Peak VO2 and VEmax of both groups significantly increased after treatment (P<0.05), and VE/VCO2 at AT significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the Peak VO2 and VEmax in the observation group were higher after treatment (P<0.05), and the VE/VCO2 at AT was lower (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the 6MWT distance of both groups significantly increased after treatment (P<0.05), and the SGRQ score significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the 6MWT distance of the observation group was longer after treatment (P<0.05), and the SGRQ score was lower (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the PaCO2 of both groups significantly decreased after treatment (P<0.05), and PaO2 significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the PaCO2 of the observation group was lower after treatment (P<0.05), and the PaO2 was higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Regular aerobic exercise combined with respiratory rehabilitation training can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary exercise function and exercise endurance of patients with stable COPD, and enhance their quality of life.
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