北屯垦区籽用西葫芦产量与农艺性状的分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Seed-used Pumpkin Yield and Agronomic Traits in Beitun Reclamation Area

摘要

本研究以硬汉无敌2号、丰向标2号、丰向标3号等14份籽用西葫芦品种为试材，采用膜下滴灌水肥一体化宽窄行种植方法，分析不同籽用西葫芦品种各农艺性状的遗传多样性，对产量相关农艺性状进行相关性分析和主成分分析，通过聚类分析对14份籽用西葫芦品种进行评价。结果表明：①遗传多样性分析显示，11个农艺性状的变异系数介于8.94%~29.78%，其中单瓜籽粒质量变异系数最高。②相关性分析显示，产量与单瓜籽粒数、单瓜籽粒质量呈极显著正相关，与单瓜质量、百粒质量呈显著正相关。③主成分分析从11个农艺性状提取贡献率为86.36%的3个主成分因子，贡献率由大到小依次为产量因子、形态因子、粒型因子，利用这3个主成分代表11个农艺性状对14份籽用西葫芦品种进行综合评价，结果显示硬汉无敌2号的得分最高，F值为1.89。④聚类分析将14份籽用西葫芦品种分为3个类群，其中第Ⅲ类群以单瓜质量、百粒质量和单瓜籽粒质量高，单瓜籽粒数多，产量高为特征的类群。结论：①在籽用西葫芦高产品种选育过程中，提升单瓜籽粒质量、单瓜籽粒数、单瓜质量和百粒质量对提高籽用西葫芦产量的作用显著。②硬汉无敌2号、丰向标2号、丰向标3号在北屯垦区种植综合表现优良，其单瓜质量、百粒质量、单瓜籽粒数、单瓜籽粒质量、产量等农艺性状都位居参试品种前列，具备进行生产推广试验的条件。

Abstract

Using 14 seed-used pumpkin varieties including Yinghanwudi No.2，Fengxiangbiao No.2，and Fengxiangbiao No.3 as test materials．this study employed a wide-narrow row planting method with integrated water and fertilizer management under mulch drip irrigation．The study investigated the genetic diversity of agronomic traits among these seed-used pumpkin varieties．Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were performed on yield-related agronomic traits，and the 14 seed-used pumpkin varieties were evaluated through cluster analysis．The results show that：①Genetic diversity analysis showed that the coefficients of variation of the 11 agronomic traits ranged from 8.94% to 29.78%，with the highest coefficient of variation for single seed-used pumpkin weight．②Correlation analysis showed that yield was highly significantly and positively correlated with number of single seed-used pumpkin seeds and weight of single seed-used pumpkin seeds，and significantly and positively correlated with single seed-used pumpkin weight and 100-seed weight．③Principal component analysis extracted three principal component factors with a contribution rate of 86.36% from 11 agronomic traits，and the contribution rates were，in descending order，yield factor，morphology factor，and grain size factor，and the three principal components were used to replace the 11 agronomic traits for the comprehensive evaluation of the 14 Seed-used pumpkin varieties，and the results showed that Yinghanwudi No.2 scored the highest，with an F-value of 1.89．④Cluster analysis divided the 14 Seed-used pumpkin varieties were divided into three clusters，of which the Ⅲ cluster，the weight of single seed-used pumpkin，the weight of 100-seed，the weight of single seed-used pumpkin seeds，the number of single seed-used pumpkin seeds，the high yield of acres as the characteristics of the clusters．Conclusion ：①During the selection and breeding of high-yielding varieties of seed-used pumpkin，enhancing single seed-used pumpkin seed weight，single seed-used pumpkin seed number，single seed-used pumpkin weight and 100-seed weight had the most significant effect on improving the yield of seed-used pumpkin．②The comprehensive performance of Yinghanwudi No.2，Fengxiangbiao No.2 and Fengxiangbiao No.3 planted in Beitun Reclamation Area is excellent，and their agronomic traits such as weight of single seed-used pumpkin，100-seed weight，number of seeds in single seed-used pumpkin，seed weight of single seed-used pumpkin，and acreage are among the top of the varieties participating in the test，and they have the conditions for the production and promotion test．

关键词

籽用西葫芦 / 北屯垦区 / 产量 / 农艺性状 / 分析与评价

Key words

seed-used pumpkin / Beitun Reclamation Area / yield / agronomic traits / analysis and evaluation

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基金资助

第十师北屯市科技计划项目—籽用西葫芦宽膜栽培技术研究与示范(2025002)