盐胁迫对永良4号小麦生长的影响

The Effect of Salt Stress on the Growth of Yongliang 4 Wheat

摘要

为探究不同盐胁迫对耐盐小麦生长的影响，本文以永良4号为材料，采用不同浓度（0~200 mmol·L^-1）的NaCl与Na₂SO₄溶液进行萌发与盆栽试验。结果表明，两种盐胁迫均显著抑制小麦的发芽率、根长、胚芽鞘长及苗期株高，且抑制程度随浓度升高而加剧；在相同浓度下，Na2SO4的毒性作用显著强于NaCl，其在低浓度（50 mmol·L^-1）时已使最大根长下降78.56%，而永良4号对低浓度NaCl则表现出较强耐受性。综上，永良4号适宜在以NaCl为主的盐碱地区推广种植，可有效提升土地利用率与小麦产量；而在Na2SO4为主的区域，则需引入更具耐性的小麦品种以实现精准改良。

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different salt stresses on the growth of salt-tolerant wheat，using the Yongliang 4 variety as the test material．Germination and pot experiments were conducted with NaCl and Na₂SO₄ solutions at concentrations ranging from 0 to 200 mmol·L^-1．The results demonstrated that both salt types significantly inhibited wheat germination rate，root length，coleoptile length，and seedling height，with the inhibitory effects intensifying as salt concentrations increased．At equivalent concentrations，Na2SO4 exhibited significantly stronger toxicity than NaCl． Even at a low concentration（50 mmol·L^-1），Na2SO4 reduced the maximum root length by 78.56%，whereas Yongliang 4 showed relatively high tolerance to low concentrations of NaCl．In conclusion，Yongliang 4 is suitable for cultivation in NaCl-dominated saline-alkali areas，where it can effectively improve land utilization and wheat yield．However，in regions where Na₂SO₄ is the primary salt component，the introduction of more salt-tolerant wheat varieties is necessary for targeted soil improvement．

关键词

盐胁迫 / 永良4号 / 耐受性

Key words

salinity stress / Yongliang 4 / tolerance

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基金资助

民勤肥技术创新引导计划—石羊河流域荒漠区盐碱耕地综合治理利用技术试验研究(MQ2024KJXM045)