鄂中地区长林系列油茶品种二年生与三年生生长性状比较与综合评价

Comparison and Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth Traits of Changlin Series Camellia Oleifera Varieties at Two-Year and Three-Year Stages in the Central Hubei Region

摘要

本研究选取长林40号、长林4号和长林53号三个油茶品种，比较其二年生和三年生阶段的主要生长性状。研究旨在分析不同品种在生长过程中的表现差异，为鄂中地区油茶品种的选育与栽培提供依据。通过实地调查采集地径、株高和冠幅数据，利用SPSS软件进行描述性统计和方差分析。采用隶属函数法计算各性状的权重，并结合加权综合得分对品种的生长表现进行综合评价。结果显示，在三年生阶段，各品种在所有指标上均存在显著差异，而在二年生阶段，株高和冠幅的差异尤为显著。地径的权重最大，且随着树龄的增长，其在综合评价中的影响力逐步增强。综合得分分析表明，长林40号在两个生长阶段均表现最佳，长林4号表现次之，长林53号相对较弱，但随着生长差距逐渐缩小，其后期潜力逐步显现。研究结果为鄂中地区油茶品种的选育、栽培管理和产量提升提供重要参考。

Abstract

This study selected three varieties of camellia oleifera，namely Changlin No.40，Changlin No.4，and Changlin No.53，to compare their main growth traits at the two-year and three-year stages．The aim of the study was to analyze the performance differences among different varieties during their growth process and provide a basis for the selection and cultivation of camellia oleifera varieties in the central Hubei region．Field surveys were conducted to collect data on diameter at ground height（DGH），plant height，and canopy spread，and descriptive statistics and analysis of variance（ANOVA） were performed using SPSS software．The membership function method was used to calculate the weight of each trait，and a weighted comprehensive score was applied to evaluate the growth performance of the varieties．The results showed significant differences in all indicators among the varieties at the three-year stage，while at the two-year stage，the differences in plant height and canopy spread were particularly significant．The weight of diameter at ground height was the highest，and its influence in the comprehensive evaluation increased with tree age．Comprehensive score analysis indicated that Changlin No.40 performed the best in both growth stages，followed by Changlin No.4，while Changlin No.53 performed relatively weaker． However，as the growth gap gradually narrowed，its potential in later stages became increasingly apparent．The research results provide important references for the selection，cultivation management，and yield improvement of camellia oleifera varieties in the central Hubei region．

关键词

油茶 / 鄂中地区 / 品种比较 / 生长性状 / 综合评价

Key words

camellia oleifera / mid-Hubei region / clonal cultivar comparison / growth metrics / multivariate evaluation

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基金资助

中央财政林业科技推广项目—油茶丰产栽培关键技术示范(鄂〔2023〕TG17号)

湖北省高校教学研究项目—基于OBE理念的高职林业技术专业学生数字化核心能力培养研究与实践(2022583)