新疆塔额垦区多胎肉羊养殖现状及分析

Analysis on the Current Situation of Multiparous Mutton Sheep Breeding in Ta'e Reclamation Area，Xinjiang

摘要

为明确新疆塔额垦区（第九师白杨市）多胎肉羊养殖的发展现状，推动产业规模化、标准化发展。本研究采用实地调研、数据统计、案例分析及文献研究相结合的方法，对塔额垦区多胎肉羊养殖的基础条件、养殖规模、分布特征、生产性能、养殖模式及产业瓶颈进行系统调查与分析。结果显示，塔额垦区具备丰富的饲草资源和适宜的养殖环境，2023—2024年累计引进华蒙羊超1万只，现有多胎羊养殖户35户，户均养殖规模138只，示范户平均产羔率185%、成活率81.1%；多胎羊初产母羊平均产羔1.7只，经产母羊1.91只，12月龄和18月龄母羊体重体尺指标表现良好，但存在养殖规模小、分布分散、养殖观念落后、良种繁育体系不完善、饲草利用不充分等问题。塔额垦区多胎肉羊养殖具有资源优势和市场潜力，应通过优化养殖模式、强化技术推广、健全繁育体系、深化饲草加工、拓宽市场渠道等措施，推动产业高质量发展。

Abstract

In order to clarify the current development status of multiparous meat sheep breeding in the Ta'e Reclamation Area（the Baiyang City of the 9th Division），and to promote the industrialization and standardization of the industry，this study adopted a combination of on-site investigations，data statistics，case analysis and literature research to conduct a systematic investigation and analysis of the basic conditions，breeding scale，distribution characteristics，production performance，breeding models and industrial bottlenecks of multiparous meat sheep breeding in the Ta'e Reclamation Area．The results show that the Ta'e Reclamation Area has abundant forage resources and suitable breeding environment．From 2023 to 2024，a total of over 10,000 Huameng sheep were introduced，and there are currently 35 multiparous sheep farmers，with an average breeding scale of 138 sheep per household．The average lambing rate of the demonstration households is 185% and the survival rate is 81.1%． The average number of lambs born by the first-time breeding ewes is 1.7，and that of the second-time breeding ewes is 1.91． The body weight and body measurements of the 12-month-old and 18-month-old ewes are good．However，there are problems such as small breeding scale，scattered distribution，backward breeding concepts，incomplete breeding system，insufficient utilization of forage，etc．The multiparous meat sheep breeding in the Ta'e Reclamation Area has resource advantages and market potential．Measures such as optimizing breeding models，strengthening technology promotion，improving the breeding system，deepening forage processing，and expanding market channels should be taken to promote the high-quality development of the industry．

关键词

塔额垦区 / 多胎羊 / 养殖现状 / 生产性能 / 问题与建议

Key words

Ta'e Reclamation Area / multiparous sheep / breeding status / production performance / problems and suggestions

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基金资助

新疆生产建设兵团第九师科技计划项目—塔额垦区多胎肉羊杂交模式选择(2025JS009)