366份陆地棉种质资源的棉籽油分、蛋白含量与纤维品质的相关性研究

Correlation Study on Oil Seed Content, Protein Content, and Fiber Quality of 366 Upland Cotton Germplasm Resources

摘要

本研究以课题组多年收集的366份陆地棉种质资源为供试材料，利用近红外无损分析技术测定其棉籽中油分和蛋白含量，并对9个性状进行变异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析，研究棉籽中油分和蛋白含量与棉纤维品质的相关性。结果表明，366份种质材料9个性状的变异系数范围为1.98%～11.77%，变异系数大小顺序为油分（11.77%）＞比强度（10.10%）＞铃重（8.30%）＞马克隆值（8.19%）＞蛋白含量（7.64%）＞长度（7.32%）＞衣分（7.11%）＞伸长率（2.17%）＞整齐度（1.98%）；相关性分析发现，油分与纤维长度、比强度、马克隆值、整齐度及伸长率均呈负相关，蛋白含量与纤维长度、比强度、马克隆值、整齐度及伸长率均呈正相关，油分与蛋白含量、衣分均呈极显著负相关，蛋白含量与衣分呈极显著正相关；主成分分析发现，特征值大于1的3个主成分被提取，累计贡献率达76.75%。其中第1主成分为纤维品质因子；第2主成分为种子品质因子；第3主成分为纤维细度—铃重因子。研究结果可为育种者建立多性状协同改良的策略，同时也为种子品质与纤维发育的分子机制研究提供依据。

Abstract

In this study, 366 core germplasm of upland cotton were used as test materials. The oil and protein contents in the cotton seeds were determined by near-infrared non-destructive analysis technology. Variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted on 9 traits to study the correlation between the oil and protein contents in the cotton seeds and the quality of cotton fibers. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 9 traits in 366 germplasm materials ranged from 1.98% to 11.77%. The order of coefficient of variation is oil content (11.77%) > specific strength (10.10%) > boll weight (8.30%) > micronaire value (8.19%) > protein content (7.64%) > length (7.32%) > garment weight (7.11%) > elongation (2.17%) > neatness (1.98%). Correlation analysis revealed that oil content was negatively correlated with fiber length, specific strength, micronaire value, neatness and elongation, while protein content was positively correlated with fiber length, specific strength, micronaire value, neatness and elongation. Oil content was extremely significantly negatively correlated with protein content and positively with fabric fraction. Protein content was extremely significantly positively correlated with fabric fraction. Principal component analysis revealed that the three principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 76.75%. The first principal component is the fiber quality factor; the second principal component is the seed quality factor; the third principal component is the fiber fineness-boll weight factor. The research results can help breeders establish strategies for the coordinated improvement of multiple traits, and also provide a basis for the study of the molecular mechanisms of seed quality and fiber development.

关键词

陆地棉 / 种质资源 / 油分 / 蛋白含量 / 纤维品质 / 相关性分析

Key words

upland cotton / germplasm resources / oil content / protein content / fiber quality / correlation analysis

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基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2024A02002-5)