12.5 cm播种模式下不同春小麦品种的筛选与评价

阿衣加娜尔·阿达里别克 ,  李怀胜 ,  艾海峰 ,  徐靖鹏

绿洲农业科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (03) : 7 -13.

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绿洲农业科学与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (03) : 7 -13. DOI: 10.26941/j.cnki.2096-2177.2026.03.002
耕作栽培·作物遗传育种·种质资源

12.5 cm播种模式下不同春小麦品种的筛选与评价

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Screening and Evaluation of Different Spring Wheat Varieties Under the 12.5 cm Sowing Pattern

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摘要

为筛选适宜塔额垦区12.5 cm等行距缩行密植条件下推广的高产稳产春小麦品种,以10个春小麦品种为供试材料,对其主要农艺性状及产量构成因素进行比较分析,并采用主成分分析进行综合评价。结果表明,不同品种间农艺性状及籽粒产量存在显著差异。SD1607在千粒重和籽粒产量两项关键指标上表现出最优水平;新春37表现为生物量积累能力突出;新春51表现出较好的水分保持能力,但两者的产量形成受到穗部结构与籽粒转化效率的制约。主成分分析共提取4个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到75.7%,其中第一主成分主要反映春小麦的产量潜力与物质积累特征。综合评价结果表明,SD1607适宜在塔额垦区12.5 cm缩行密植条件下推广应用,新春37和新春51可作为育种改良的优良亲本。

Abstract

To screen high-yielding and stable-yielding spring wheat varieties suitable for promotion under the 12.5 cm row spacing and dense planting conditions in the Ta'e reclamation area,ten spring wheat varieties were used as test materials.Their main agronomic traits and yield components were compared and analyzed,and principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation.The results showed significant differences in agronomic traits and grain yield among the different varieties(P<0.05).SD1607 showed the best performance in both thousand-grain weight and grain yield,Xinchun 37 showed an outstanding biomass accumulation capacity,while Xinchun 51 demonstrated good water retention capacity.However,the yield formation of both was constrained by ear structure and grain conversion efficiency.Principal component analysis extracted four principal components,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 75.7%.The first principal component mainly reflected the yield potential and material accumulation characteristics of spring wheat.The comprehensive evaluation results show that SD1607 is suitable for promotion and application under the 12.5 cm row spacing and dense planting conditions in the Ta'e reclamation area,and Xinchun 37 and Xinchun 51 can be used as excellent parents for breeding improvement.

关键词

春小麦 / 缩行密植 / 品种筛选 / 产量构成

Key words

Spring wheat / narrow-row planting / variety selection / yield composition

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阿衣加娜尔·阿达里别克,李怀胜,艾海峰,徐靖鹏. 12.5 cm播种模式下不同春小麦品种的筛选与评价[J]. 绿洲农业科学与工程, 2026, 11(03): 7-13 DOI:10.26941/j.cnki.2096-2177.2026.03.002

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基金资助

兵团科技计划项目(2025DB062)

九师科技计划项目(2025JS014)

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