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摘要
在“十五五”开局之年,2026年中央一号文件首次明确提出“促进人工智能与农业发展相结合”,算力正成为驱动新疆农业新质生产力发展的核心引擎。本研究基于新疆独特的绿洲生态、兵地二元体制和棉花产业优势,通过构建“算力基础-要素重构-产业跃升”分析框架,运用嵌入性多案例研究方法,对兵团第八师、沙雅县、新和县3个差异化典型实践进行深度剖析。研究发现,算力通过“替代路径”和“增强路径”双重机制,推动传统生产要素体系发生系统性重构,2024年新疆农林牧渔业总产值达5 350.01亿元,棉花总产量568.6万t,占全国92.2%,农作物综合机械化率达90.28%。当前发展受制于兵地数据标准“软隔离”、算力设施布局不均、适配性技术供给不足等深层结构性矛盾。研究提出“场景牵引、兵地联动、生态共建”战略,建议以优势产业全链条数字化为突破口,构建与绿洲生态及多元经营体系相匹配的差异化算力应用生态,为新疆农业现代化提供系统性路线图。
Abstract
In the inaugural year of the“15th Five-Year Plan”,with the first explicit mention of“promoting the integration of artificial intelligence and agricultural development”in the No.1 central document of 2026,computing power is emerging as the core engine driving the development of new productive forces in Xinjiang's agriculture.Based on Xinjiang's unique oasis ecology,dual system of military and civilian regions,and cotton industry advantages,this study constructs an analytical framework of“computing power foundation-factor reconstruction-industrial leapfrogging”and employs an embedded multi-case study method to conduct an in-depth analysis of three differentiated typical practices in the Eighth Division of the Corps,Shaya County,and Xinhe County.The study finds that computing power,through dual mechanisms of “substitution path”and“enhancement path”,drives the systematic reconstruction of the traditional production factor system.In 2024,the total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fishery in Xinjiang reached 5 350.01 billion yuan,with a total cotton output of 5.686 million tons,accounting for 92.2% of the national total,and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crops reached 90.28%.However,current development is constrained by deep structural contradictions such as“soft isolation”of data standards between military and civilian regions,uneven layout of computing power facilities,and insufficient supply of adaptive technologies.The study proposes a strategy of “scenario-driven,military-civilian collaboration,and ecological co-construction”,suggesting that breakthroughs should be made in the full-chain digitization of advantageous industries to build a differentiated computing power application ecosystem that matches the oasis ecology and diversified business system,providing a systematic roadmap for the modernization of Xinjiang's agriculture.
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李静雯,张晨,王斌.
新疆农业新质生产力发展的算力驱动机制与路径研究[J].
绿洲农业科学与工程, 2026, 11(03): 176-184 DOI:10.26941/j.cnki.2096-2177.2026.03.028
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基金资助
2023年兵团社会科学基金项目—提升兵团棉花产业链韧性路径研究(23YB24)