基于MBBS留学生医疗话语目标情景分析的医学汉语教学研究
A Study on Medical Chinese Teaching Based on the Target Situations Analysis in Clinical Medical Discourse for MBBS International Students
目的 基于目标情景分析理论,探讨高校医学本科学位(Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, MBBS)留学生在临床实习中的医疗话语需求,明确典型工作场景、交际事件及语言技能需求,为优化医学汉语教学提供科学依据。 方法 采用文献分析、问卷调查及质性访谈的三角互证方法,对锦州医科大学252名MBBS留学生进行问卷调查,并对其中10名留学生代表进行半结构式访谈,使用SPSS统计分析与主题分析法对数据进行处理。 结果 研究识别出MBBS留学生在临床实习中的4种典型汉语工作任务和7项核心交际事件。留学生需掌握以听力为核心,阅读及口语为辅的共12项具体语言技能,以完成临床实习中的医疗话语交际任务。 结论 针对MBBS留学生的语言需求特点,建议构建“基础理论+综合实践+临床应用”的医学汉语课程体系,设计“疾病主题点+诊疗任务线+语言应用面”的教学内容,创新“意识+手段+资源”的教学手段,以及形成“医学+语言+文化”的跨学科融合模式。
Objective Based on target situation analysis theory, this study explores the medical discourse needs of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) international students during clinical internships, identifying typical work scenarios, communicative events, and language skill requirements to provide a scientific basis for optimizing medical Chinese instruction. Methods A triangulated research approach combining literature review, questionnaire survey, and qualitative interviews was employed. A survey was conducted among 252 MBBS international students at Jinzhou Medical University, and semi-structured interviews were conducted among 10 representative international students. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical analysis and thematic analysis. Results The study identified four typical Chinese-language work scenarios and seven core communicative events in clinical internships. Students need to master 12 specific language skills including listening as the core and reading and speaking as the supplement to effectively handle medical discourse tasks in clinical practice. Conclusion Given the language needs of MBBS international students, it is recommended to establish a medical Chinese curriculum framework integrating “theoretical foundation+comprehensive practice+clinical application”. The curriculum should be structured around “disease-themed points+diagnostic-task lines+language application dimensions”. Additionally, innovative teaching methods should incorporate “awareness, tools, and resources”, while fostering an interdisciplinary integration of “medicine, language, and culture”.
| [1] |
中华人民共和国教育部.来华留学生高等教育质量规范(试行)[EB/OL].(2018-10-09)[2025-03-14]. |
| [2] |
戴曼纯 .国际中文教育发展报告-2022[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2023. |
| [3] |
张悦,李莉,崔涛 .基于中国知网的近20年我国来华留学生医学汉语研究现状分析[J].中国继续医学教育,2023,15(2):167-171. |
| [4] |
王越 .来华MBBS留学生医学汉语教学实践探析[C]//2020年课堂教学教育改革专题研讨会论文集.北京,2020:1730-1732. |
| [5] |
陆俭明 .国际中文教育必须重视和加强汉语书面语教学[J].华文教学与研究,2023(4):25-29. |
| [6] |
张巍,吴希斌 .“中文+职业技能” 视域下留学生医学汉语口语交际能力培养探讨[J].医学教育研究与实践,2023,31(3):336-341. |
| [7] |
龚鑫 .医学汉语教材词汇的语体分析[D].广州:暨南大学,2020. |
| [8] |
宋继华,马箭飞,朱志平, |
| [9] |
教育部中外语言交流合作中心,汉考国际教育科技(北京)有限公司 .医学汉语水平考试(MCT)大纲[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2020. |
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
张黎 .专门用途汉语教学[M].北京:北京语言大学出版社,2016:123-149. |
| [13] |
李亚男,白冰冰,王亚男 .医学汉语水平考试(MCT)等级标准设定研究[J].天津师范大学学报(社会科学版),2023(3):26-33. |
| [14] |
彭湃 .医学汉语词汇语义框架层级系统构建研究[J].东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版),2020(4):92-99. |
| [15] |
曹水,杜微,程春君, |
| [16] |
王珺,孟娜娜,任珊, |
| [17] |
张方捷,刘有恃,盛铭欣, |
| [18] |
陆贝,王京瑞,殷俊杰, |
2024年度辽宁省社会科学规划基金青年项目(L24CYY013)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |