Objective With the increasingly close remote influence and functional role of regional systems, the remote deployment and utilization of resources provide new ideas for coordinated regional development. Railroad roadbeds, bridges, tunnels, and other connecting structures form complete railroad lines and provide the necessary conditions for track laying and train operation. As an important component of railroad engineering, the railroad roadbed has a significant demand for filler materials. An interactive restrictive relationship exists between the mining and preparation of roadbed filler and regional resources and the environment. Based on the telecoupling perspective, this study comprehensively investigates the ecological, environmental, and economic effects produced by the remote deployment and utilization of railroad roadbed filler. Methods First, the remote coupling research framework, combined with the theory of the "coupled cube," was utilized to build the analytical structure of the remote coupling system for railroad roadbed filler. The theory of the "coupled cube" provided a solution for considering the interaction of multidimensional effects in the remote deployment of railroad roadbed filler. In the analytical architecture of the remote coupling system, based on the deployment direction of railroad roadbed filler, the production base of roadbed filler was regarded as the filler sending system, the construction site of the railroad roadbed project was regarded as the filler receiving system, and the area through which the railroad roadbed filler was transported from the sending system to the receiving system was regarded as the filler overflow system. Each small cube in the "coupled cube" was regarded as a "filler‒resource‒environment" system that interacted across spatial and temporal scales, and each system consisted of main elements, such as agents, causes, and effects. The color of each side of the small cube represented the dimensions of energy, carbon emissions, ecology, economy, materials, and manpower, and interaction relationships existed among these dimensions. The remote coupling effect level of the filler for the railroad roadbed was analyzed by identifying the elements of the remote coupling system, analyzing the interaction mechanism among the elements, dissecting the influence of these interactions on the coordination state of the "coupled cube," and characterizing the remote coupling effect level of the filler in the coordination state of the "coupled cube". This process provided a theoretical basis for calculating and analyzing the remote deployment and utilization effect of railroad roadbed filler. Second, based on energy value theory, the material flow, energy flow, and information flow in the remote coupling system were transformed into the system energy value. The energy value was used as the input of the sending system and receiving system, and the total market price of the railroad roadbed filler and the cost saved in the railroad roadbed project due to locally sourced materials were used as the economic benefits of the sending system and receiving system. Based on the energy value input and economic benefit data, combined with the calculation method for the remote coupling system effect, the comprehensive effects of energy savings, carbon reduction, and ecology generated by the remote coupling of railroad roadbed filler were calculated and analyzed. Results and Discussions An empirical study was conducted using a section of a railroad roadbed project as an example. In terms of energy value input, the energy value inputs of the filler sending system and receiving system were 4.227×1017 sej and 4.352×1017 sej, respectively, and the economic benefits of the filler sending system and receiving system were 10.847 6 million yuan and 10.939 million yuan, respectively. In terms of the remote coupling effect, the unit energy value benefit of the remote coupling system was 2.539×10-12 yuan/sej. The unit energy value benefit of the sending system was higher than that of the receiving system, at 2.566×10-11 yuan/sej and 2.513×10-11 yuan/sej, respectively. Through the remote coupling effect of the filler, the effect level of the remote coupling system was 0.71, while the remote coupling effect level of the sending system was 0.72. The remote coupling system was in a well-coordinated state with the sending system. Conclusions Using the framework of remote coupling research combined with the theory of the "coupling magic formula", this study constructed an analytical framework for the remote coupling system of railroad roadbed filler. This framework provides a new perspective and methodology for studying the remote deployment of filler and addresses shortcomings in the theoretical analysis of remote coupling system effects. In addition, the construction of this theoretical framework is not only applicable to the study of the remote deployment of railroad roadbed filler but also provides a new analytical perspective for resource deployment and optimization problems in other fields. Through the application of energy value theory, material flow, energy flow, and information flow were quantified, and the comprehensive ecological, environmental, and economic benefits of the remote deployment of roadbed fill were evaluated. These results verify the feasibility and practicability of the research method and can provide guidance for the decision-making and management of similar projects.
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