环境温度对钢管约束混凝土柱抗震性能影响机理试验
王力 , 胡琦 , 潘启仁 , 顾皓玮 , 翟启远 , 虞庐松 , 亢二聪
工程科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (02) : 203 -214.
环境温度对钢管约束混凝土柱抗震性能影响机理试验
Experimental Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature on the Seismic Performance of Steel Tube Confined Concrete Columns
为研究环境温度对钢管约束混凝土柱抗震性能的影响机理,开展了不同环境温度(-40、20、60 ℃)下9组钢管约束混凝土柱的拟静力试验,通过分析各试件的破坏形态、水平承载力、刚度退化、耗能能力等指标,揭示了环境温度对钢管约束混凝土柱抗震性能的影响机理;并根据试验结果,提出了考虑环境温度影响的钢管约束混凝土柱水平承载力计算公式。结果表明:1)钢管约束混凝土柱的材料特性及钢‒混接触面黏结性能随环境温度的改变而改变,相比于常温工况,高温、低温工况下的试件延性均呈不同幅度下降,但下降的机理并不相同;2)高温(60 ℃)工况下,由于混凝土强度与钢-混凝土界面黏结强度均降低,导致试件水平承载力和延性系数分别最大降低了4.25%和5.27%;3)低温(-40 ℃)工况下,由于试件材料强度提高,以及温度附加套箍效应的作用,试件水平承载力最大提高了20.88%,但延性系数降低了37.52%。提出的考虑环境温度影响的钢管约束混凝土柱水平承载力计算修正公式具有较好的可靠性和准确性,可为高寒地区钢管约束混凝土结构的设计提供必要依据。
Objective Steel tube confined concrete (STCC) columns have an increasingly broad application prospect in high-cold and high-intensity areas. In steel-concrete composite structures, the cooperative behavior of steel and concrete is an essential prerequisite for the normal stress performance of such structures. However, due to the influence of ambient temperature on the mechanical properties of steel and concrete and the interaction at their interface, the seismic performance of the structure cannot be ignored. Therefore, to investigate the influence of ambient temperature on the seismic performance of steel tube confined concrete columns, quasi-static tests of steel tube confined concrete columns under different ambient temperatures are conducted. Based on the test results, the influence of ambient temperature on the seismic indices of the specimens is analyzed, and the underlying mechanism by which ambient temperature affects the seismic performance of steel tube confined concrete columns is revealed. In addition, a modified formula for calculating the horizontal bearing capacity of steel tube confined concrete columns considering temperature effects is proposed to provide a necessary basis for the seismic design of steel tube confined concrete structures in high-cold and high-intensity areas. Methods A set of quasi-static test devices suitable for different ambient temperatures was designed and developed. Quasi-static tests on nine steel tube confined concrete columns were conducted, with ambient temperature and concrete strength selected as the primary research parameters. Comparative tests were performed on three groups of steel tube confined concrete columns under different environmental temperature conditions (-40 °C, 20 °C, and 60 °C) and three groups with different concrete strengths (C40, C50, and C60). The influence mechanism of ambient temperature on the seismic performance of steel tube confined concrete columns was systematically revealed by comparing and analyzing seismic performance indices, including failure mode, horizontal bearing capacity, ductility performance, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of each specimen. Considering the limitation that existing calculation methods for the horizontal bearing capacity of steel tube confined concrete columns did not consider the influence of ambient temperature, the temperature influence coefficient of horizontal bearing capacity was regressed based on the test results in this study. The existing calculation formula for horizontal bearing capacity was multiplied by the temperature influence coefficient k0, and the accuracy and reliability of the proposed formula were verified through comparisons with the experimental results of this study and other reported test results in the literature. Results and Discussions The failure modes of specimens under identical temperature conditions were similar and were characterized by typical compression-bending plastic hinge failure. Under all temperature conditions, buckling occurred 10~30 mm above the stiffener at the base of the specimens, with initial local buckling gradually propagating toward both sides. Higher concrete strength resulted in more pronounced local buckling above the stiffener. In addition, steel tube tearing was observed under all temperature conditions. Under normal and high temperature conditions, tearing occurred in the middle of the buckled region, whereas under low temperature conditions, cracks developed along the lower side of the buckle, which was attributed to the significant increase in concrete strength in cold environments. Compared to normal temperature conditions, under low temperature conditions (-40 °C), the initial stiffness and horizontal bearing capacity of the specimens increased by 16.23% and 20.88%, respectively. However, the displacement ductility coefficient decreased by 37.52%, indicating a substantial reduction in ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Under high temperature conditions (60 °C), the initial stiffness and horizontal bearing capacity decreased by 12.52% and 4.25%, respectively, while the displacement ductility coefficient decreased by 5.27%, accompanied by a reduction in energy dissipation capacity. Although increasing concrete strength enhanced horizontal bearing capacity, its overall influence on the seismic performance of steel tube confined concrete columns remained relatively limited. The calculated values obtained using existing formulas showed relative errors of no more than 9% when compared to experimental results under normal temperature conditions, satisfying engineering accuracy requirements. However, under high and low temperature conditions, the maximum relative error between calculated and experimental values reached 21.73%, demonstrating the necessity of considering ambient temperature effects and modifying the existing horizontal bearing capacity calculation formulas accordingly. Conclusions Ambient temperature has a significant influence on the seismic performance of steel tube confined concrete columns. Ambient temperature and concrete strength exhibit different degrees of influence on the initial stiffness, horizontal bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens. These effects are mainly attributed to the additional hoop constraint induced by ambient temperature variations and the corresponding changes in material properties. The ductility of steel tube confined concrete columns under different ambient temperatures is lower than that observed at room temperature; however, the underlying mechanisms of degradation differ. In low-temperature environments, the increased brittleness of the core concrete and the accelerated accumulation of damage lead to a significant reduction in ductility. In high-temperature environments, the reduction in the viscous performance of the steel concrete interface weakens the confinement effect of the outer steel tube on the core concrete, resulting in decreased ductility. A modified formula for calculating the horizontal bearing capacity of steel tube confined concrete columns that considers the influence of ambient temperature is proposed. The relative error between the calculated and experimental values is less than 10%, indicating good agreement and providing a theoretical basis for the design of this type of structure in alpine regions. The design of steel tube confined concrete structures in alpine regions should comprehensively consider the effects of temperature-induced additional confinement and temperature-induced material property changes on the mechanical behavior of the structure.
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国家自然科学基金项目(52268027)
甘肃省自然科学基金青年项目(25JRRA207)
甘肃省联合科研基金重点项目(24JRRA869)
山西交通控股集团科技创新项目(23‒JKKJ‒6)
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