鲍曼不动杆菌相关耐药机制及新型治疗手段

史欣玥; 张定宇

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.019

西南医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (01) : 97 -104. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.019

综述

鲍曼不动杆菌相关耐药机制及新型治疗手段

史欣玥 ¹ ,
张定宇 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Mechanisms of Drug Resistance Associated with Acinetobacter baumannii and Treatment Progress

Xinyue SHI ¹ ,
Dingyu ZHANG ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

鲍曼不动杆菌在重症监护病房中是一种常见的多重耐药病原体，对危重患者构成显著威胁。面对有限的有效抗生素选择，鲍曼不动杆菌感染治疗面临诸多挑战，导致较高的感染率和死亡率。其耐药性归因于多种机制，包括外排泵作用、靶点突变、抗生素修饰酶的活化、生物膜形成及群体感应系统的调控。随着世界卫生组织将不动杆菌列为优先研发抗生素病原体，开发新抗生素的紧迫性显而易见。本文主要关注当前新型抗生素的开发、非传统抗菌药物的研究、潜在的疫苗以及多模式感染控制策略的推进。这些方法既是预防措施，也是应对抗生素耐药性不断升级挑战的替代治疗手段。

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii， a prevalent multidrug-resistant pathogen in Intensive Care Units， poses a significant threat to critically ill patients. With limited effective antibiotic options， Acinetobacter baumannii infections lead to high infection and mortality rates. Its resistance mechanisms include efflux pump activity， target mutations， activation of antibiotic-modifying enzymes， biofilm formation， and quorum sensing system regulation. Recognizing Acinetobacter as a priority for antibiotic development， this article emphasized the urgency of developing new antibiotics. It concentrated on novel antibiotic development， exploring non-traditional antimicrobial agents， potential vaccines， and advancing multimodal infection control strategies， serving as both preventive and alternative therapeutic responses to the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance.