超声引导下低位前锯肌平面阻滞联合腹直肌鞘阻滞对剖腹肝胆手术患者的镇痛效果
丁耀茂 , 李胜 , 张培冰 , 邓铸强 , 梁万益
西南医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (03) : 292 -296.
超声引导下低位前锯肌平面阻滞联合腹直肌鞘阻滞对剖腹肝胆手术患者的镇痛效果
The Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Low Serratus Anterior Plane Block Combined With Rectus Sheath Block in Open Hepatobiliary Surgery
目的 评价超声引导下低位前锯肌平面阻滞(serratus anterior plan block,SAPB)联合腹直肌鞘阻滞(rectus sheath block,RSB)对剖腹肝胆手术患者的镇痛效果。 方法 选取高州市人民医院2022年7月至2024年7月行剖腹肝胆手术的患者96例,随机分为常规组(n = 48,常规全身麻醉)及联用组(n = 48,全身麻醉 + SAPB + RSB)。比较两组患者围术期各时间点平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure,MAP)、心率(heart rate,HR)、术后静态及咳嗽时的视觉模拟评分(Visual Analog Scale,VAS)、术后恢复指标、不良反应及镇痛泵使用情况。 结果 联用组MAP和HR在术中各时间点的波动显著小于常规组(P < 0.05)。术后48 h内,联用组静态VAS评分和咳嗽时VAS评分均低于常规组(P < 0.05)。联用组首次排气时间[(23.64 ± 6.00) vs. (26.51 ± 5.97)] h 和首次下床时间[(35.27 ± 7.09) vs. (43.10 ± 6.12)] h 显著缩短(P < 0.05)。联用组术后不良反应总发生率(6.25% vs. 20.83%)及舒芬太尼用量[(86.69 ± 10.39) vs. (92.53 ± 10.84)] μg均显著低于常规组(P < 0.05)。 结论 超声引导下SAPB联合RSB可有效稳定剖腹肝胆手术患者的血流动力学、提高术后镇痛效果、加速康复并减少阿片类药物依赖,具有临床应用价值。
Objective To analyze and evaluate the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided low serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) and rectus sheath block (RSB) in open hepatobiliary surgery. Methods Ninety-six patients undergoing open hepatobiliary surgery from July 2022 to July 2024 were randomized into a conventional group (n = 48, general anesthesia) and a combined group (n = 48, general anesthesia + SAPB + RSB). Perioperative mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), postoperative VAS scores (at rest and during coughing), recovery indicators, adverse reactions, and PCIA usage were compared. Results The combined group showed significantly smaller fluctuations in MAP and HR (P < 0.05). Postoperative VAS scores at rest and during coughing were lower in the combined group (P < 0.05). Time to first flatus [(23.64 ± 6.00) vs. (26.51 ± 5.97)] h and ambulation [(35.27 ± 7.09) vs. (43.10 ± 6.12)] h were shorter in the combined group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions (6.25% vs. 20.83%) and sufentanil consumption [(86.69 ± 10.39) vs. (92.53 ± 10.84)] μg were significantly reduced in the combined group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided SAPB combined with RSB stabilizes hemodynamics, alleviates postoperative pain, accelerates recovery, and reduces opioid reliance, demonstrating clinical benefits.
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