不同侧卧位角度结合胸部物理治疗对ICU重症肺炎机械通气患者气道痰液引流量及血气分析的影响
张鹏 , 王光昆 , 卫晓静 , 袁俊红 , 邢焕民
西南医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (05) : 540 -544.
不同侧卧位角度结合胸部物理治疗对ICU重症肺炎机械通气患者气道痰液引流量及血气分析的影响
Effects of Different Lateral Position Angles Combined with Chest Physical Therapy on Airway Sputum Drainage and Blood Gas Analysis in ICU Patients with Mechanical Ventilation of Severe Pneumonia
目的 探讨体位护理中不同侧卧位角度结合胸部物理治疗对ICU重症肺炎机械通气患者气道痰液引流量及血气分析的影响,并评估28 d死亡率。 方法 选取2024年1月至2025年1月河南省人民医院收治的ICU重症肺炎机械通气患者126例,按随机数字表法分成A组、B组和C组,每组42例。各组均给予胸部物理治疗,A、B、C组分别接受30°、45°、60°侧卧位护理。比较三组机械通气时间、ICU入住与总住院时间,记录第1、3、5 d的24 h气道痰液引流量,比较三组上机前、上机后6 h的呼吸频率、动脉血氧分压(partial pressure of arterial oxygen, PaO₂)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery, PaCO₂)、氧合指数,记录并发症情况与28 d死亡率。 结果 三组患者第3 d和第5 d的24 h痰液引流量间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),两两分析显示B组第3 d、第5 d的24 h痰液引流量均低于A组、C组(P < 0.05);三组患者第1、3、5 d的24 h痰液引流量比较差异均具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),其中三组患者第5 d的24 h痰液引流量均低于第3 d和第1 d(P < 0.05)。B、C组机械通气、ICU入住及总住院时间短于A组,且B组机械通气、ICU入住及总住院时间短于C组(P < 0.05)。三组患者上机6 h的呼吸频率比较差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),两两分析显示B组上机6 h的呼吸频率低于A组、C组(P < 0.05);三组患者上机6 h的呼吸频率低于上机前(P < 0.05)。三组患者上机6 h的PaO₂、PaCO₂、PaO₂/FiO₂差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),两两分析显示B组上机6 h的PaO₂、PaO₂/FiO₂高于A组、C组,PaCO₂低于A组、C组(P < 0.05);三组患者上机6 h的PaO₂、PaO₂/FiO₂高于上机前,PaCO₂ 低于上机前(P < 0.05)。A、B、C组并发症发生率分别为11.90%、2.38%、4.76%,三组并发症发生率比较无差异(P > 0.05)。 结论 45°侧卧位护理配合胸部物理干预,能缩短ICU重症肺炎机械通气患者的机械通气、ICU入住及总住院时间,减少痰液引流量,改善血气分析。
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of different lateral position angles combined with chest physical therapy on airway sputum drainage and blood gas analysis in ICU patients with severe pneumonia mechanical ventilation, and to evaluate 28-day mortality. Methods A total of 126 patients with severe pneumonia who were admitted to henan provincial people’s hospitalof the ICU for mechanical ventilation from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected and divided into group A, group B, and group C, with 42 cases in each group, according to the random number table method. All groups received chest physical therapy, and groups A, B and C received 30°, 45°and 60°lateral position nursing. The duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay and total length of hospital stay were compared among the three groups. Sputum drainage volume was recorded within 24 hours on the first day, the third day and the fifth day. Respiratory rate, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygenation index were compared among the three groups before and 6 hours after mechanical ventilation. Complications and 28-day mortality were recorded. Results There were statistically significant differences in the 24 - hour sputum drainage volume among the three groups on the third and fifth days (P < 0.05). Pairwise analysis showed that the 24 - hour sputum drainage volume of group B on the third day and the fifth day was lower than that of group A and group C (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the 24-hour sputum drainage volume of the three groups on the first day, the third day and the fifth day (P < 0.05), and the 24-hour sputum drainage volume of the three groups on the fifth day was lower than that on the third day and the first day (P < 0.05). The duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and total hospital stay in groups B and C were shorter than those in group A, and the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and total hospital stay in group B were shorter than those in group C (P < 0.05). There was A statistically significant difference in respiratory rate among the three groups at 6 hours after mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). Pairwise analysis showed that the respiratory rate of group B was lower than that of group A and group C at 6 hours after mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). The respiratory rate of patients in the three groups at 6 hours after mechanical ventilation was lower than that before mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in PaO2, PaCO2, and PaO2/FiO2 among the three groups at 6 hours after operation (P < 0.05). Pairwise analysis showed that the PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 in group B were higher than those in group A and group C, and PaCO2 was lower than that in group A and group C at 6 hours after operation (P < 0.05). In the three groups, PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 at 6 hours after boarding were higher than those before boarding, and PaCO2 was lower than that before boarding (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in groups A, B, and C were 11.90%, 2.38%, and 4.76%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications among the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions The 45°lateral decubitus position nursing combined with chest physical intervention can shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay and total hospital stay, reduce sputum drainage, and promote the improvement of blood gas analysis in ICU patients with severe pneumonia.
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
刘茳, 徐伟华, 刘杨, |
| [4] |
刘杨, 刘茳, 徐伟华, |
| [5] |
杭莺, 刘马超, 刘芳. 机械通气患者不同体位及并发症的护理研究进展[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2020, 35(7): 633-637. |
| [6] |
陈洁如, 王梦琪, 陈泓伯, |
| [7] |
杨从艳, 周英, 李亚军, |
| [8] |
中国医师协会急诊医师分会. 中国急诊重症肺炎临床实践专家共识[J]. 中国急救医学, 2016, 36(2): 97-107. |
| [9] |
冯敏, 潘岁月. 基于气道分级管理策略的胸部物理治疗在老年重症肺炎机械通气患者中的应用[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2019, 34(19): 1810-1813. |
| [10] |
刘巧艳, 王娟, 王萍, |
| [11] |
杨敏, 陈芳, 王小梅. 不同体位机械通气在重症肺炎伴呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果比较[J]. 山西医药杂志, 2022(8): 905-907. |
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
陈晓琳, 李晓凤, 王素云. Z字型过侧卧位在卒中相关性肺炎患者中的应用效果[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2022(33): 2607-2611. |
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
李京, 田慧超, 王美芹. 不同卧位角度对重症肺炎患者呼吸指标的影响[J]. 上海护理, 2019, 19(7): 37-39. |
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
张楠. 不同侧卧护理对重症肺炎伴糖尿病患者呼吸频率和氧合指数的影响[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2019, 34(2): 119-121. |
河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20210039)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |