基于德尔菲法的藏医药食同源物质目录与标准化体系初步构建
业知措 , 仁增加 , 代措吉 , 格登措 , 切羊让忠
高原科学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3) : 104 -115.
基于德尔菲法的藏医药食同源物质目录与标准化体系初步构建
Preliminary Development of a Catalog and Standardization Framework for Medicine–Food Homologous Substances in Tibetan Medicine: A Delphi Study
目的 初步构建藏医药食同源物质候选目录及标准体系,为藏医药特色资源的科学评价、规范利用和目录申报提供参考。 方法 通过文献梳理、专家论证及半结构式访谈形成候选条目和咨询问卷,组织相关领域专家开展两轮德尔菲函询。采用Likert 5级评分法进行评价,并结合专家积极系数、权威系数、变异系数及肯德尔和谐系数筛选条目、评估专家共识程度。 结果 两轮专家函询的积极系数分别为100%和86.7%,权威系数分别为0.84和0.86,肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.474和0.507(均P0.001),表明专家积极性和权威程度较高,意见逐步趋于一致。最终形成包含11类164项物质的藏医药食同源候选目录。其中,“必须纳入”与“建议纳入”累计占80.06%。同时,初步明确了以传统应用依据和安全性为核心,涵盖基原鉴定、质量控制、标签标识及使用指导等内容的标准体系。 结论 初步构建了藏医药食同源物质目录的学理框架,其主要价值在于为藏医药食同源理论的系统梳理、目录边界划分及后续评价研究提供学理基础。候选条目尚需经过药理学、毒理学和临床安全性验证,在形成充分证据后,方可为正式目录制定和标准化管理提供参考。
Objective To preliminarily develop a candidate catalog and standardization framework for medicine–food homologous substances in Tibetan medicine and provide a basis for their scientific evaluation, standardized use, and future catalog development. Methods Candidate items and an expert consultation questionnaire were developed through literature review, expert panel discussion, and semi-structured interviews. Two rounds of Delphi consultation were conducted with experts in relevant fields. Items were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. Item screening and consensus were assessed using the expert response rate, authority coefficient, coefficient of variation, and Kendall's coefficient of concordance. Results The response rates for the two rounds were 100% and 86.7%, the authority coefficients were 0.84 and 0.86, and Kendall's W values were 0.474 and 0.507, respectively (both P<0.001), indicating high expert engagement and authority and increasing agreement across rounds. The final candidate catalog comprised 164 substances in 11 categories; items rated as "must be included" or "recommended for inclusion" accounted for 80.06% in total. A preliminary standardization framework was also established, centered on evidence of traditional use and safety and encompassing source identification, quality control, labeling, and guidance for use. Conclusions This study provides a preliminary theoretical framework for a catalog of medicine–food homologous substances in Tibetan medicine and a basis for systematically organizing the underlying theory, defining catalog boundaries, and conducting subsequent evaluations. Further pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical safety validation of the candidate substances is required before the framework can support formal catalog development and standardized management.
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