视频喉镜技术迭代及AI融合转化研究进展

Research progress on technological evolution of video laryngoscopes and AI-integrated clinical translation

摘要

当前气道可视化设备已完成多代更新，但现有文献缺少对三代产品完整演进梳理，国内外机型横向对比的整合分析不足；同时，气道人工智能（AI）相关研究快速增多，但多种落地限制的讨论分散见于各类单篇文献，尚未形成系统性归纳。基于此，本文以视频喉镜技术演进与人工智能临床转化两大主线为切入点，整合现有模拟插管试验、真实病房队列、气道深度学习、内镜行业共识等中英文研究资料，系统梳理三代喉镜的技术优势与国内外机型适用场景差异，集中梳理智能气道设备规模化推广的现实瓶颈，并针对性提出配套改进思路，为临床气道器械选择、国产智能喉镜研发、行业标准化管理提供完整文献依据。本文检索近5年国内外气道管理、视频喉镜、人工智能气道预测相关中英文文献，结合早期文献完善视频喉镜发展历程，系统梳理直视喉镜至可视化、智能喉镜完整迭代脉络，总结国产与进口视频喉镜临床性能及转化现状。结果表明视频喉镜已成为气道管理主流器械之一，但产业化与标准化仍存在短板；AI 深度融合是核心升级方向，未来需完善多中心临床验证，统一设备评价规范，同步优化硬件适配与基层成本控制方案，全方位实现气道诊疗的精准化和标准化。

Abstract

Airway visualization devices have undergone multiple technological iterations, but the existing literature lacks a comprehensive review of the complete evolution of three generations of devices, and integrated comparative analyses of domestic and international models remain insufficient. Meanwhile, research on artificial intelligence (AI) applications in airway management is expanding rapidly, but discussions of the various barriers to real-world implementation remain scattered across individual publications and have not yet been systematically synthesized. Accordingly, this review focuses on two main themes: Video laryngoscope evolution and the clinical translation of AI for airway management. It integrates Chinese and English language evidence from simulated intubation trials, real-world ward cohorts, airway deep-learning studies, and endoscopy consensus statements to clarify the technical advantages of the three generations of laryngoscopes and differences in the applicable scenarios of domestic and international models, systematically summarize practical barriers to the large-scale adoption of intelligent airway devices, and propose targeted improvement strategies, thereby providing a comprehensive evidence base for clinical airway device selection, the development of domestic intelligent laryngoscopes, and standardized management across the industry. A search is conducted for Chinese and English language literature published in China and abroad over the past five years on airway management, video laryngoscopy, and AI-based airway prediction, together with earlier literature to provide a complete account of the development of video laryngoscopes. The full iterative trajectory from direct laryngoscopes to video and intelligent laryngoscopes is systematically mapped, and the clinical performance and translational status of domestic and imported video laryngoscopes are summarized. The evidence indicates that video laryngoscopes have become one of the main devices for airway management, although gaps in industrialization and standardization remain. Deep integration with AI is the key direction for technological upgrading, and future efforts should strengthen multicenter clinical validation, establish unified device-evaluation standards, and simultaneously improve hardware compatibility and optimize cost-control strategies for primary-level healthcare institutions, thereby comprehensively advancing precision and standardization in airway diagnosis and treatment.

关键词

视频喉镜 / 气道管理 / 技术迭代 / 人工智能 / 临床转化

Key words

Video laryngoscope / Airway management / Technological evolution / Artificial intelligence / Clinical translation

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82572494)