对流层大气温度廓线的激光探测技术研究进展

Remote sensing technology for troposphere atmospheric temperature profile: A review

摘要

大气温度廓线的获取对于天气预报预警以及提升天气预报精度具有重要意义，专业上可使用多种主被动遥感技术对其进行探测。大气温度廓线的变化影响着天气现象的发生发展，特别是在对流层，对其高精度遥感探测对于天气预报、灾害天气预警等具有至关重要的作用。本文概述了当前大气温度廓线探测的主要方法与技术，分析了不同探测技术的优缺点和应用范围，重点介绍了对流层大气温度廓线的激光探测技术发展现状，分析了瑞利高光谱分辨率激光雷达技术和转动拉曼激光雷达技术的优势和技术瓶颈问题，探讨了云层温度的探测技术，并指出了主被动遥感相结合的无球探空技术是实现对流层大气温度廓线高精度、高时空分辨率连续观测的优势方案。最后，展望了该探测技术的发展方向。

Abstract

The acquisition of atmospheric temperature profiles is of great significance for weather forecasting and warning, as well as improving the accuracy of weather forecasts. There are various active and passive remote sensing technologies available in the field to detect it. Changes in temperature profiles significantly influence weather phenomena, especially within the troposphere. High precision remote sensing detection plays a crucial role in weather forecasting, disaster weather warning, and other related fields. This paper outlines the main methods and technologies for detecting atmospheric temperature profiles, analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and applicability of different remote sensing technologies. It then focuses on the development status of laser-based remote sensing technology for detecting atmospheric temperature profiles in the troposphere, with an examination of the advantages and technical challenges of Rayleigh high-spectral-resolution lidar and rotational Raman lidar. The detection technology of cloud temperature is explored, and the advantages of the technology combining active and passive remote sensing are highlighted for achieving high-precision, high spatiotemporal resolution, and continuous observation of tropospheric temperature profiles. Finally, the prospects of this detection technology are discussed.

关键词

大气温度廓线 / 对流层 / 激光探测技术 / 云层温度探测

Key words

atmospheric temperature profile / troposphere / laser remote sensing / cloud temperature detection

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130612)

陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021ZDLSF06-07)