透明质酸寡糖诱导拟南芥对植物病原菌PstDC3000的免疫激活

Hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides induce immune activation in arabidopsis thaliana against the plant pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000

摘要

植物免疫诱抗剂是一类能够激活植物自身免疫系统、提高其对病原微生物抵抗力的物质,在绿色农业和可持续农作物保护中具有重要应用前景。相比传统化学农药,免疫诱抗剂具有无毒、环保、不易产生抗药性等优点,有助于减少农药使用量,保障农产品安全并保护生态环境。近年来,寡糖类物质因其良好的生物活性受到关注,但在实际应用中仍面临种类有限、效果不稳定等问题。本研究旨在开发一种来源丰富、成本低且品质稳定的植物免疫诱抗剂,以透明质酸为原料,通过低成本工艺制备得到透明质酸寡糖,并在拟南芥-丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种DC3000(PstDC3000)侵染体系中对其诱抗效果进行评价。实验结果表明,透明质酸寡糖的最适预处理质量浓度为25 mg/L。在该条件下预处理拟南芥幼苗随后接种PstDC3000,可显著降低病情指数,相比空白对照组降低幅度达到35.13%,表明透明质酸寡糖在一定程度上可抑制病原菌的感染过程,增强植物的抗病能力。

Abstract

Plant immune elicitors are a class of substances capable of activating a plant’s innate immune system and enhancing its resistance to pathogenic microorganisms. They hold significant potential in green agriculture and sustainable crop protection. Compared to traditional chemical pesticides, immune elicitors offer advantages such as being non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and less likely to induce resistance, thereby helping to reduce pesticide usage, ensure food safety, and protect the ecological environment. In recent years, oligosaccharides have attracted increasing research interest due to their promising biological activity; however, challenges such as limited variety and inconsistent efficacy still hinder their practical application. This study aims to develop a plant immune elicitor that is abundant in source, cost-effective, and stable in quality. Using hyaluronic acid as the raw material, hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides were prepared through a low-cost process, and their eliciting effects were evaluated in an Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000) infection system. The experimental results showed that the optimal pretreatment concentration of hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides was 25 mg/L. Pretreating Arabidopsis seedlings with this concentration prior to inoculation with PstDC3000 significantly reduced the disease index, showing a 35.13% decrease compared to the untreated control group. These findings indicate that hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides can partially suppress pathogen infection and enhance plant resistance.

关键词

透明质酸寡糖 / 植物免疫 / 拟南芥 / 水杨酸途径 / PstDC3000

Key words

hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides / plant immunity / Arabidopsis thaliana / salicylic acid pathway / PstDC3000

参考文献

[1] REGLINSKI T, HAVIS N, REES H J, et al. The practical role of induced resistance for crop protection[J]. Phytopathology^® , 2023, 113(4): 719-731.

[2] PEREIRA R V, FILGUEIRAS C C, DÓRIA J, et al. The effects of biostimulants on induced plant defense[J]. Frontiers in Agronomy, 2021, 3: 630596.

[3] MERESA B K, AYIMUT K M, WELDEMICHAE L M Y, et al. Carbohydrate elicitor—induced plant immunity: Advances and prospects[J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10(15): e34871.

[4] KOLAWOLE O R, KASHFI K. NSAIDs and cancer resolution: New paradigms beyond cyclooxygenase[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, 23(3): 1432.

[5] OUALLA—BACHIRI W, FERNÁNDEZ—GONZÁLEZ A, QUIÑONES—VICO M I, et al. From grafts to human bioengineered vascularized skin substitutes[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, 21(21): 8197.

[6] ZHANG A L, HUANG J C, LIU Y T, et al. Hyaluronic acid application strategies for plant bioactive component delivery: A review[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 282: 137129.

[7] NAZERI A, ARAM F, NIAZI A. Biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid in Nicotiana tabacum plants: An efficient and safe method for large—scale production[J]. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 2024.

[8] WANG G D, LU M M, HE Q Q, et al. Low—dose of oligosaccharins boosts antiviral immunity through induction of multiple defense pathways in rice[J]. Phytopathology Research, 2024, 6(1): 47.

[9] PENG C E, XU W, WANG X P, et al. Alginate oligosaccharides trigger multiple defense responses in tobacco and induce resistance to Phytophthora infestans[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2025, 16: 1506873.

[10] KONGALA S I, KONDREDDY A. A review on plant and pathogen derived carbohydrates, oligosaccharides and their role in plant’s immunity[J]. Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, 2023, 6: 100330.

[11] ANTUNES D R, FORINI M M L H, COQUEIRO Y A, et al. Effect of hyaluronic acid—stabilized silver nanoparticles on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination[J]. Chemosphere, 2024, 364: 143080.

[12] ŠIMEK M, LEMR K, HERMANNOVÁ M, et al. Analysis of hyaluronan and its derivatives using chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2020, 250: 117014.

[13] TIAN Z Q, HU J L, JIANG F, et al. Detection and identification of hyaluronan oligosaccharides derived from free—radical depolymerization via reverse—phase ion—pair HPLC/mass spectrometry[J]. Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, 2025, 9: 100741.

[14] RAMPRATAP P, LASORSA A, PERRONE B, et al. Production of isotopically enriched high molecular weight hyaluronic acid and characterization by solid—state NMR[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2023.

[15] KARIMI M, SHAHRAKY M K, RANJBAR M, et al. Preparation, purification, and characterization of low—molecular—weight hyaluronic acid[J]. Biotechnology Letters, 2021, 43(1): 133-142.

[16] SHUKLA P, SRIVASTAVA P, MISHRA A. On the potential activity of hyaluronic acid as an antimicrobial agent: Experimental and computational validations[J]. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2025, 48(1): 27-42.

[17] ZHANG C G, HOWLADER P, LIU T M, et al. Alginate Oligosaccharide (AOS) induced resistance to PstDC3000 via salicylic acid—mediated signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2019, 225: 115221.

[18] JIA X C, QIN H Q, BOSE S K, et al. Proteomics analysis reveals the defense priming effect of chitosan oligosaccharides in Arabidopsis—PstDC3000 interaction[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020.

[19] GUARNIZO N, OLIVEROS D, MURILLO—ARANGO W, et al. Oligosaccharides: Defense inducers, their recognition in plants, commercial uses and perspectives[J]. Molecules, 2020, 25(24): 5972.

[20] HAN W W, LV Y J, SUN Y T, et al. The anti—inflammatory activity of specific—sized hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2022, 276: 118699.

[21] JIA X C, ZENG H H, WANG W X, et al. Chitosan oligosaccharide induces resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis thaliana by activating both salicylic Acid— and jasmonic Acid—Mediated pathways[J]. Molecular Plant—Microbe Interactions^® , 2018, 31(12): 1271-1279.

[22] HOWLADER P, BOSE S K, JIA X C, et al. Oligogalacturonides induce resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana by triggering salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways against PstDC3000[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 164: 4054-4064.

基金资助

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2023YFE0111900)

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0167)

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0169)

烟台开发区科技领军人才项目(2020CXRC4)

山东省重点研发计划项目(2023LZGC005)

山东省重点研发计划项目(2023CXPT037)

泉城产业领军人才支持计划(2092021033)

“海右人才”产业领军人才支持项目(1362022058)