沸石等环境矿物材料去除废水中汞的研究进展

Research Progress on the Removal of Mercury from Wastewater Using Zeolite Based Environmental Mineral Materials

摘要

汞是一种具有高毒性的重金属，在水体环境中，汞不仅难以降解，还会通过食物链表现出显著的生物累积性，最终对人体健康产生严重危害。吸附法凭借操作简便、处理效率高、成本低廉等优势，成为当下处理含汞废水的有效方式之一。环境矿物材料具有来源广泛、环境友好、比表面积大及离子交换性强等特点，在含汞废水处理领域展现出较好的应用潜力，其中沸石更是受到了广泛的研究。本文系统综述了沸石等几种常见环境矿物材料在含汞废水处理方面的研究现状及发展，包括常用的改性方式、改性原理，以及影响吸附过程的主要因素，旨在为后续含汞废水处理材料的制备提供参考，并为相关研究工作提供新思路。

Abstract

Mercury is a highly toxic heavy metal that is not only difficult to degrade in aquatic environments, but also exhibits significant bioaccumulation through the food chain, ultimately posing a serious threat to human health. Adsorption method has become one of the effective ways to treat mercury containing wastewater due to its advantages of easy operation, high treatment efficiency, and low cost. Environmental mineral materials have the characteristics of wide sources, environmental friendliness, large specific surface area, and strong ion exchange ability, and have shown good application potential in the field of mercury containing wastewater treatment. Among them, zeolite based environmental mineral materials have been widely studied. This article systematically reviews the research status and development of several common environmental mineral materials such as zeolites in the treatment of mercury containing wastewater, including commonly used modification methods, modification principles, and the main factors affecting the adsorption process. The aim is to provide reference for the preparation of mercury containing wastewater treatment materials in the future and provide new ideas for related research work.

关键词

含汞废水 / 吸附 / 环境矿物材料 / 改性方式 / 环境损害修复

Key words

Mercury containing wastewater / adsorption / Zeolite based mineral materials

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基金资助

国家重点研发项目(2024YFC3907903)