人工智能“复活”技术:资本驱动下人类数据化与记忆伦理
AI "Resurrection" Technology: Human Datafication and Memory Ethics Under Capital-Driven Paradigms
数字化时代背景下,数字平台将人类的物质性特征数据化。人工智能“复活”技术通过人工智能手段,将逝者的声音、形象在数字世界中再现,其在触动公众情感共鸣、满足对逝去亲人深切怀念的需求之外,同时产生了复杂的伦理讨论及法律层面的深刻挑战。一方面,人工智能“复活”技术虽然实现了对逝者声音、形象的再现,却未能完全复刻其精神特质,引发了关于数据化意识能否被视为生命、数字永生与虚拟数字人差异的深层探讨;另一方面,人工智能“复活”技术虽然通过模拟逝者的外貌、声音以及行为特征,提供了一种超越传统影像技术的实时互动体验,增强了生者与逝者之间的“情感羁绊”和“交互性”,但也忽视了逝者的权利,引发技术如何在心理慰藉与伦理界限之间找到平衡的思考。
The question of “whether humans can be resurrected after death” has long been a central theme in science fiction. Currently, AI-technology-driven “resurrection” of the deceased has raised complex ethical and legal issues, particularly concerning violations of portrait rights, privacy rights, and reputation rights. This study explores the nature of AI “resurrection” technology by retrieving 338 media materials including newspapers, websites, social media, and forum posts from the Wisenews database using keywords such as “AI resurrection” “digital immortality” “AI reanimation” and “reanimation”. By sorting out and analyzing the logic and impact of this phenomenon,it contributes to promoting public rational understanding of AI “resurrection” technology and advancing discussions on AI ethics. Based on a review of existing literature, this study also addresses the characteristics of entities “resurrected” by this technology and their generation mechanisms, demonstrating how capital utilizes digital technology to shape perceptions, emotions, and valuations of “resurrected” life.This study reveals that while AI “resurrection” technology has successfully achieved digital reproduction of deceased individuals’external features such as voice and appearance,it primarily highlights the “recording” function of memory data while neglecting the dimension of “recollection”,maintaining fundamental limitations in reproducing spiritual attributes. Meanwhile, digital “resurrection” technology constructs a real-time interactive experience surpassing traditional video recordings through highly realistic simulations of appearance, speech, and behavior. This interactivity not only strengthens emotional bonds between the living and digital representations of the deceased,but also enables the living to continuously generate new memories through algorithm-driven dynamic response mechanisms. However, this process essentially relies on algorithmic recombination of the deceased’s existing data (“old memories”) and generates new memories during interaction, thereby dynamically expanding the memory space of the living. Notably, the application of such technology often occurs without explicit pre-mortem authorization from the deceased, and its commercial promotion reveals structural conflicts between individual autonomy and technological development in the digital age. This phenomenon not only highlights the inadequacy of current laws regarding personality rights, data inheritance, and informed consent mechanisms, but also reflects normative deficiencies in technological ethics within post-life contexts.From the perspectives of media culture and technological ethics, this study enriches and expands the academic understanding of AI technology, addressing potential issues such as unequal access to technology and how commercialized “emotional marketing” may distort genuine emotional needs. It calls for establishing industry ethical guidelines, improving legal regulations, and seeking a harmonious path between technological advancement and humanistic care.
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国家社会科学基金重大项目“互联网环境下新闻理论范式创新研究”(21&ZD318)
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