家暴事件传播中网络新闻标题的叙事曲构、负效应及其多维消解
Narrative Distortion,Negative Effects,and Multidimensional Resolution of Online News Headlines in the Dissemination of Domestic Violence Incidents
以聚合符号学、议程设置理论以及框架理论为基础,以陕西省白水县“女子被丈夫灌面汤呛死”事件为研究对象,探究报道该事件的网络新闻标题如何通过歪曲真实情节的叙事重构事件客观性,进而引发公众的认知偏差与社会负面效应。这一网络新闻标题失范事件并非一个孤立的、偶然的叙事失误,而是在流量逻辑的驱动下,运用框架化、符号化的传播手段,对残忍的犯罪事实进行意象重构的典型案例;它们通过凸显猎奇属性、弱化暴力面向,设置了公众讨论的议程,建构了一个违背马克思主义新闻真实性原则、被扭曲的“拟态环境”,导致受众产生认知偏差,并最终对社会如何认识、规避与治理家庭暴力现象产生不利影响。从多维度剖析网络新闻标题对家庭暴力事件叙事重构的具体方式及其造成的负面效应,针对性地从媒体、平台、社会三个层面提出对策建议,旨在规范新闻传播行为,还原家庭暴力事件本质,推动构建更有利于反家庭暴力的网络传播环境与社会治理体系。
In the era of mobile internet,information dissemination shows a distinct feature of “fragmentation”. As the primary gateway through which users access information,news headlines play a crucial guiding role in shaping public perception. However,driven by algorithmic recommendations and the traffic economy,some online media often reconstruct news headlines in a biased manner to attract clicks,resulting in the obscuring of the essence of events and deviations in public perception. This paper focuses on the extreme case of domestic violence—the“Woman Fatally Choked by Husband with Noodle Soup”incident in Baishui County,Shaanxi Province. By applying semiotics,agenda-setting theory,and framing theory,it deeply analyzes how online news headlines obscure the truth of violence through narrative reconstruction,thereby causing public perception deviations and negative social effects.The research adopts a case study approach,combining semantic analysis of news headlines,examination of grammatical structures,and content interpretation of public opinion,to reveal the tendencies toward “de-violentization” and “accidentalization” through expressions such as “choked by noodle soup”,and how tactics such as passive voice and keyword substitution are used to reframe criminal acts as domestic conflicts,thereby downplaying the perpetrator’s subjective malice and legal liability. The main findings of the research include: First,the symbolic use of terms such as “fatally choked ” and “poured” in headlines obscures violent details of the incident,such as scalding by high-temperature liquid and prolonged abuse,misleading the public into mistaking intentional homicide for an accident. Second,media tends to adopt a domestic conflict framework rather than a criminal offense framework,thereby weakening the legal attributes and social seriousness of domestic violence. Third,the setting of the attribute agenda diverts public attention to sensational details rather than issues such as structural violence and gender power inequality,resulting in a misplaced criticism and a loss of focus in public discourse.This study points out that such headline irregularities not only undermine media credibility,but also have far-reaching negative impacts on social cognition and anti-domestic violence governance: public’s awareness of the criminal nature of domestic violence is weakened,legal consciousness is diluted,gender biases are strengthened,the stigmatization of victims is intensified,and social governance resources are dispersed.Therefore,this paper proposes multi-dimensional governance strategies across four levels: media,platforms,the public,and society. Media should strengthen professional ethics and gender awareness,explicitly labeling the nature of cases in headlines. Platforms need to optimize algorithmic mechanisms and enhance the transparency in content review and feedback. The public should improve media literacy and form a rational supervisory force. Society should build a multi-stakeholder collaborative governance system to promote policy implementation and institutional improvement.
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