新媒体使用对新生代农民工网络政治参与的影响研究
Research on the Impact of New Media Use on the Online Political Participation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers in China
社会治理现代化要求网络政治参与合情合理、积极有效。新生代农民工作为城市化进程中的关键群体,其新媒体赋权表达兼具权益诉求正当性与非理性参与风险的双重特征。通过建构三元交互决定理论分析框架,引入“内在个人”“外在环境”变量,探究新时代农民工新媒体使用对其网络政治参与的影响机制。研究发现,新生代农民工群体新媒体使用呈现高强度、高依赖特征,其依赖程度与使用频率是影响网络政治参与的关键因素,且该影响显著受其新媒体使用动机等个人要素主导。揭示了新生代农民工主要受内在个人因素影响的突出特点,还解释了新生代农民工网络政治参与非理性行为的深层原因,为合理引导新生代农民工网络政治参与提供借鉴。
In recent years, new media has become a key force in shaping the “networked public” through its unique affordances, leading to the new generation of migrant workers in China increasingly relying on platforms such as Weibo and WeChat to “empower” their expression and safeguard their rights. However, this quasi “forced self exposure” mode of participation entails inherent uncertainty and may lead to governance risks. To address this key issue, this study employs the theory of triadic reciprocal determinism to examine how new media use influences the online political participation of the new generation of migrant workers in China, with a specific focus on the correlation mechanism between new media behavior and political participation within the framework of China’s modernization of social governance.We collected 610 valid questionnaires through a combination of on-site surveys at two major labor markets in Xi’an and online surveys distributed via active QQ groups of migrant workers.The analysis reveals that migrant workers in China exhibit a high degree of dependence on new media, and that both the frequency and degree of this dependence are primary drivers of their political participation. Notably, in this process, personal factors such as media literacy and self-efficacy play a significantly greater role than environmental perception, which explains the root causes of irrational online behavior,but also suggests that the applicability of the knowledge gap theory is weakened within the advanced new media ecosystem.These findings call for attention from both the government and the media to the demands of migrant workers in the context of media convergence. In general,the study reveals a unique mechanism through which new media shapes political participation,refines the “media mobilization” theory in the context of marginalized groups, and confirms its potential to promote rational participation. This provides empirical pathways to help new generation of migrant workers to participate into social governance,express their rights and integrate themselves into the society,thereby stengthening the prevention of governance risk and contributing to the modernization of social governance.
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教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(18YJC860025)
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