CMA-WSP模式产品在宁夏风能预报中的适用性分析
缑晓辉 , 严晓瑜 , 武万里 , 蒋婷
西北工程技术学报(中英文) ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3) : 218 -226.
CMA-WSP模式产品在宁夏风能预报中的适用性分析
Applicability of CMA-WSP Model Products to Wind Energy Forecasting in Ningxia
为评估 CMA-WSP 风速预报产品在宁夏的适用性,基于 2022 年 CMA-WSP 风速预报资料及同期宁夏 25 个地面气象站逐时观测资料,采用统计方法分析预报值与观测值的时空差异,并对预报能力进行检验评估。结果表明:空间分布上,除六盘山站外,CMA-WSP 对宁夏其余各站平均风速及标准差均存在高估特征,均方根误差以平罗站最小、石嘴山站最大;月尺度上,3-4 月平均风速预报偏差最大,11-12 月误差最小,预报效果最佳;日变化中,20:00-21:00 和 01:00 前后平均风速预报偏差最大,11:00 前后偏差最小;WNW 和 NW 风向预报值与观测值相关性最好;预报与观测风向、风速频率分布整体较为一致,但观测静风频率及 2 m/s 以下风速出现频率明显高于预报。
To evaluate the applicability of the CMA-WSP wind speed forecast product in Ningxia, CMA-WSP wind speed forecasts for 2022 and concurrent hourly observations from 25 surface meteorological stations in Ningxia were used. Statistical methods were applied to analyze the spatial and temporal differences between the forecasts and observations and to evaluate forecast performance. The results showed that, in terms of spatial distribution, CMA-WSP overestimated both the mean wind speed and its standard deviation at all stations except Liupanshan Station. The root mean square error was the lowest at Pingluo station and the highest at Shizuishan Station. At the monthly scale, the largest biases in mean wind speed occurred in March and April, whereas the smallest errors and best forecast performance occurred in November and December. In terms of diurnal variation, the largest biases in mean wind speed occurred at approximately 20:00-21:00 and 1:00, whereas the smallest bias occurred at around 11:00. The correlations between the forecast and observed wind speeds were strongest for WNW and NW winds. Overall, the forecast and observed frequency distributions of wind direction and wind speed were relatively consistent. However, the observed frequencies of calm winds and wind speeds below 2m/s were notably higher than the corresponding forecast frequencies.
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宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03676)
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