植物花变叶成因研究进展

Research progress of causes contributing to phyllody in plants

摘要

摘要:花是园林植物的重要观赏器官,花变叶现象会导致花器官部分或全部转变为叶状结构,具有较高的观赏和科研价值。为探究花变叶形成的主要诱因和调控机理,本研究系统梳理国内外相关研究成果,归纳得出该现象主要受基因调控、病原物侵染及外界环境等因素影响。花发育过程与花器官发育模型中 A、B、C、D、E 5 类基因密切相关。本文重点综述花变叶现象形成的内在分子机制,推测病原物可能通过诱导植物体内蛋白变化而诱发花器官异化,温度、激素等环境因子则可能通过表观遗传修饰影响基因表达模式,经过多基因协同调控形成具有叶状结构的器官。深入探究花变叶的形成机理,可进一步完善植物花发育调控理论体系,为园林植物花发育定向调控及分子育种提供理论依据。

Abstract

Abstract:The flower is one of the important ornamental organs of garden plants. The phenomenon of phyllody will lead to the partial or total transformation of flower organs into leaf-like structures,thus having high ornamental and research value. In order to explore the main causes and regulatory mechanisms of phyllody formation,this paper comprehensively analyzes the research progress at home and abroad and finds that the phenomenon of phyllody is mainly influenced by factors such as gene regulation,plant pathogens and external environment. The flower development process is closely related to the five types of genes(A,B,C,D and E) in the floral organ development model. This article focuses on reviewing the intrinsic molecular mechanism of the formation of phyllody. It is speculated that pathogens may induce organ alienation by inducing protein changes in plants. Environmental factors such as temperature and hormones may affect gene expression patterns through epigenetic modification,and form organs with leaf-like structures through multi-gene synergistic regulation. The study on the causes of phyllody is helpful to further analyze the process of flower development,so as to provide theoretical basis for the directional regulation of plant flower development and its molecular breeding.

关键词

花变叶现象 / ABCDE 模型 / MADS-box / 基因调控 / 植原体

Key words

the phenomenon of phyllody / ABCDE model / MADS-box / gene regulation / phytoplasma

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基金资助

绿化植物育种北京市重点实验室开放课题(YZZD202402)