甲维盐注干剂在我国松材线虫病防控中的应用与展望

Advancements in emamectin benzoate trunk injection technology for management of pine wilt disease in China

摘要

松材线虫病是由松材线虫 Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner & Buhrer)Nickle 侵染引发,依靠媒介昆虫传播扩散,受环境条件和人为因素共同影响的多元生态病害系统,对松林资源、森林生态系统及区域社会经济具有毁灭性危害。打孔注干施药是防控该病害的有效、安全的技术,其中甲维盐注干剂以安全、高效和环保等优势,应用效果显著。本文系统梳理中国松材线虫病防控实践,从树干注射施药技术和甲维盐的化学特性两方面阐述了防控作用机理,总结甲维盐注干剂相关剂型,分别阐述甲维盐单剂和复配剂在实际应用中的防控效果；并从甲维盐注干剂在松材线虫病防控中的应用策略、剂型创新和复配剂研发三个方面进行了展望,以期为松材线虫病防控提供参考。

Abstract

Pine wilt disease is a multi-component ecological disease system caused by infection with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,spread by vector insects,and influenced by both environmental conditions and human activities. This disease causes devastating damage to pine forest resources,forest ecosystems,and regional socioeconomic systems. Trunk injection is an effective and safe technique for the prevention and control of pine wilt disease,among which the emamectin benzoate injectable formulation has shown significant effects due to its safety,high efficacy,and environmental friendliness. This paper systematically reviews the practical prevention and control efforts against pine wilt disease in China,elaborates on the mechanisms of action from the perspectives of trunk injection technology and the chemical properties of emamectin benzoate,summarizes the relevant formulation of emamectin benzoate injectables,and describes the control effects of both emamectin benzoate alone and its compound formulations in practical applications. Finally,prospects are discussed in terms of application strategies,formulation innovation,and the development of compound formulations of emamectin benzoate for the control of pine wilt disease,aiming to provide a reference for the management of pine wilt disease.

关键词

松材线虫病 / 甲维盐 / 注干剂 / 复配剂

Key words

pine wilt disease / emamectin benzoate / trunk injection formulation / compound formulation

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基金资助

2025年中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(鄂[2025]TG17号)

大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心开放课题基金(202140604)