1.Henan Provincial Institute of Natural Resources Monitoring and Land Improvement,Zhengzhou 450016,China
2.College of Environment,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China
3.Joint Training Base for Post-Graduate Students of Mining Geological Environment Restoration in Cold and Arid Areas,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Lanzhou 730000,China
Taking the southern Taihang Mountains area as an example, remote sensing interpretation technology was adopted, three evaluation factors (vegetation, soil cover, and bedrock exposure rate) were selected, a rocky desertification classification standard suitable for this region was established, and research on the rocky desertification issue in the area was carried out. The results showed that:(1) Verification was conducted using the second component (greenness index) of the tasseled cap transformation, which confirmed that the rocky desertification classification standard for northern China constructed based on the three factors (vegetation, soil cover, and bedrock exposure rate) was reasonable and feasible; (2) From 1995 to 2020, the rocky desertification in the study area showed a trend where it deteriorated rapidly in the first 8 years and improved slowly in the subsequent 25 years; The rocky desertification areas were highly concentrated in the southeast, south, and northwest parts of the study area. Most of these areas were adjacent to farmland, towns, and mining areas, and were strongly disturbed by human production and construction activities; In contrast, areas without rocky desertification were mostly concentrated in the northwest part of the study area and some local areas along the northern border; (3) The geological environment and human activities interacted with and promoted each other, which led to the degradation of land productivity, the deterioration of the vegetation living environment, and the decline of water and soil conservation capacity in the area. In turn, this promoted a vicious cycle of soil erosion, carbonate rock dissolution, and erosion, driving the continuous development of the rocky desertification problem.
影像预处理主要包括:①坐标系选取:由于Landsat-5和Landsat-8数据的投影坐标系不同,因此需统一坐标系,依靠Arcgis 10.2软件投影与变换工具对数据进行坐标变换,选取WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_49N坐标系;②辐射定标和大气校正;③监督分类提取山区范围:由于石漠化只存在于基岩山区,因此需要提取山区边界,采用基于ENVI 5.3软件中支持向量机分类方法与目视解译相结合的方法进行解译,同时借助Google Earth和DEM数据对解译后的结果进行检查校正,提高分类精度[22](图2);④裁剪:通过ENVI5.3软件的Submit data from ROI工具进行各期影像的裁剪工作。由于TM传感器4、3、2波段组合、OLI传感器5、4、3波段组合可突显植被长势特征,预处理结果由4、3、2波段组合呈现,其中红色区域为植被长势良好的区域(图3)。
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