卡格列净通过抑制TXNIP信号改善肾小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的机制研究

周宇颖 ,  王利 ,  王浩

海南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4) : 241 -247.

PDF (2146KB)
海南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4) : 241 -247. DOI: 10.13210/j.cnki.jhmu.20250417.004
论著

卡格列净通过抑制TXNIP信号改善肾小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的机制研究

作者信息 +

Mechanism of canagliflozin on ameliorating oxidative stress injury in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting TXNIP signaling

Author information +
文章历史 +
PDF (2197K)

摘要

目的 观察卡格列净(canagliflozin,Cana)对高糖诱导肾小管上皮细胞HK‑2氧化应激损伤的疗效,并探讨其相关机制。 方法 CCK‑8法检测Cana对HK‑2增殖的影响以筛选实验安全浓度。将HK‑2分为6组:正常组(NG组)、甘露醇组(MA组)、高糖组(HG组)及Cana低、中、高(1、3、10 μmol/L)剂量组。Western blot检测TXNIP、NLRP3、DRP1、MFN1和MFN2蛋白表达,试剂盒检测细胞中GSH‑PX、SOD酶活性和MDA水平,ELISA法检测细胞上清中炎症因子IL‑1β和IL‑18的含量,mitoSOX探针检测细胞内线粒体活性氧水平,免疫荧光检测DRP1在线粒体的累积。转染shRNA沉默TXNIP,观察对NLRP3、DRP1、MFN1和MFN2蛋白表达的影响。 结果 与HG组比较,Cana可抑制高糖诱导的氧化应激和炎症损伤,表现为GSH‑PX和SOD酶活性升高(P<0.05),MDA含量减少(P<0.05),细胞上清中炎症因子IL‑1β和IL‑18的含量降低(P<0.05);还可抑制TXNIP及NLRP3蛋白表达(P<0.05);此外Cana在减少线粒体中活性氧累积同时,可下调线粒体分裂蛋白DRP1表达(P<0.05),并上调线粒体融合蛋白MFN1和MFN2表达(P<0.05)。沉默TXNIP后,Cana对NLRP3、DRP1、MFN1和MFN2的干预效应被明显削弱。 结论 Cana可减轻高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤,其机制与TXNIP信号通路有关。

Abstract

Objective To observe the efficacy of canagliflozin (Cana) on treating high glucose‑induced oxidative stress injury in renal tubular epithelial cells HK‑2 and to explore the related mechanism. Methods The effect of Cana on the proliferation of HK‑2 was detected by CCK‑8 for screening the experimental safe concentration HK‑2 was divided into 6 groups:the normal group (NG group),the mannitol group (MA group),the high glucose group (HG group),the Cana low‑dose group,the Cana medium‑dose group, and the Cana high‑dose group (1,3,10 μmol/L). TXNIP, NLRP3, DRP1, MFN1,and MFN2 protein expressions were detected by Western blot. Intracellular GSH‑PX and SOD enzyme activities, and MDA level were examined by kit assays. The contents of inflammatory factors IL‑1β and IL‑18 in the cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. The level of intracellular mitochondrial reactive oxygen species was detected by mitoSOX Red probe, and the accumulation of DRP1 in mitochondria was detected by immunofluorescence. TXNIP was silenced by shRNA transfection to investigate its effects on the protein expression levels of NLRP3, DRP1, MFN1, and MFN2. Results Compared to the HG group, Cana could inhibit high glucose‑induced oxidative stress and inflammatory injury, as evidenced by increased GSH‑PX and SOD enzyme activity (P<0.05), reduced MDA content (P<0.05), and decreased the levels of inflammatory factors IL‑1β and IL‑18 in the cell supernatant (P<0.05). Cana could also inhibit the expressions of TXNIP and NLRP3 proteins (P<0.05). Additionally, while reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, Cana could downregulate the expression of mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 (P<0.05) and upregulate the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins MFN1 and MFN2 (P<0.05). After TXNIP gene silencing, the intervention effect of Cana on NLRP3, DRP1, MFN1,and MFN2 was significantly weakened. Conclusion Cana can alleviate the oxidative stress injury of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose, and the mechanism is related to TXNIP signaling pathway.

Graphical abstract

关键词

卡格列净 / TXNIP / 肾小管上皮细胞 / 氧化应激

Key words

Canagliflozin / TXNIP / Renal tubular epithelial cells / Oxidative stress

引用本文

引用格式 ▾
周宇颖,王利,王浩. 卡格列净通过抑制TXNIP信号改善肾小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的机制研究[J]. 海南医科大学学报, 2026, 32(4): 241-247 DOI:10.13210/j.cnki.jhmu.20250417.004

登录浏览全文

4963

注册一个新账户 忘记密码

糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)是糖尿病的微血管并发症之一,是终末期肾病的主要诱因1。目前DKD治疗的临床管理策略包括肾素‑血管紧张素系统阻滞、控制血糖和血压等,但疗效存在巨大差异,因此有必要更全面地了解DKD分子机制2。近年来有研究提出“糖尿病肾小管病变”的概念,强调了肾小管功能障碍在DKD发生、发展中的关键作用3。其中肾小管反馈系统异常与炎症密切相关,可通过诱发肾脏氧化应激、皮质间质炎症和间质纤维化等病理改变加速DKD进展45
硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白(thioredoxin‑interacting protein,TXNIP)作为一种促氧化应激、促炎症和促凋亡蛋白,可被高糖刺激强烈诱导6。有研究发现TXNIP‑NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD‑like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎症小体和近曲小管上皮细胞焦亡在DKD患者肾小管中被激活7,NLRP3激活后释放的白细胞介素‑1β(interleukin‑1β,IL‑1β),可通过旁分泌信号促进线粒体分裂,抑制线粒体融合,进而导致线粒体破坏89。线粒体分裂导致线粒体DNA、活性氧激活,进一步激活NLRP3,形成“炎症‑线粒体损伤”循环10。抑制TXNIP可以改善DKD肾小管上皮细胞自噬、凋亡和纤维化11,提示TXNIP介导的氧化应激和线粒体动力学对DKD疾病进展有重要作用。
钠‑葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂(sodium‑glucoseco ‑transporter 2 inhibitor,SGLT2i)作为DKD和糖尿病患者的一线药物12,目前已被证明可以降低心血管风险,缓解DKD进展和降低死亡率1314。SGLT2是肾组织特异性的转运蛋白,存在于肾近端小管细胞(S1段)的顶膜,负责重吸收肾脏过滤的约90%的葡萄糖15。研究显示SGLT2i类药物可通过阻断SGLT2转运体,促进钠吸收的减少,对肾脏滤过动力学有重要影响16。本研究旨在探讨SGLT2i的代表性药物之一——卡格列净(canagliflozin,Cana)通过TXNIP信号改善肾小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的机制,为临床防治用药提供理论依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 药物、试剂及仪器

Cana(美国MCE HY‑10451);无水葡萄糖(中国Biosharp BS099);DMEM/F12培养基(中国 VivaCell C3130);细胞计数(cell counting kit‑8,CCK‑8)试剂盒(日本 DOJINDO SB793);mitoSOX Red线粒体活性氧荧光探针(美国 Invitrogen M36007);TXNIP抗体(中国 proteintech 18243‑ 1‑AP);NLRP3抗体(美国Adipogen Life Sciences AG‑20B‑0014‑C100);MFN1抗体(美国 abcam ab57602);MFN2抗体(美国 abcam ab56889);DRP1抗体(美国 abcam ab184274);β‑actin抗体(中国 proteintech 66009‑1‑Ig);化学反应试剂盒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH‑PX)(南京建成 A005‑1)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)(南京建成 A001‑3)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)(南京建成 A003‑4‑1);ELISA试剂盒human 白细胞介素‑18(interleukin‑18,IL‑18)(欣博盛 EHC127)、human IL‑1β(欣博盛 EHC002b)。

1.2 细胞及分组

人源肾小管上皮细胞 HK‑2,购自中国科学院细胞库。HK‑2细胞在含有10%胎牛血清,1%青链霉素的DMEM/F12完全培养基于37 ℃、5%CO2、95%湿度环境中培养使细胞增殖。

细胞分组:(1)设正常组(NG,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、甘露醇等渗组(MA,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖+24.5 mmol甘露醇)、高糖模型组(HG,30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、Cana低剂量组(Cana 1 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、Cana中剂量组(Cana 3 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、Cana高剂量组(Cana 10 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖),作用24 h;(2)设正常组(NG,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖模型组(HG,30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、Cana组(Cana 10 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖),作用24 h;(3)设对照shRNA转染正常组(shNC NG,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、shRNA转染高糖组(shNC HG,30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、shRNA转染Cana组(shNC Cana,Cana 10 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、TXNIP shRNA转染正常组(shTXNIP NG,5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、TXNIP shRNA转染高糖组(shTXNIP HG,30 mmol/L葡萄糖)、TXNIP shRNA转染Cana组(shTXNIP Cana,Cana 10 μmol/L+30 mmol/L葡萄糖),转染48 h后,高糖和Cana孵育24 h。

1.3 CCK‑8检测HK‑2增殖能力

调整对数生长期的HK‑2细胞,将细胞悬液以8 000个/孔的密度接种至96孔板。实验共设9组:空白对照组、Cana组,Cana组设8个浓度:0.1、0.3、1、3、5、10、20、30 μmol/L,每组设6个复孔,待细胞贴壁后,加入上述含Cana的培养基,培养24 h。弃培养基后向每孔加入100 μL CCK‑8工作液,37 ℃孵育2 h,用酶标仪检测450 nm处的吸光度。

1.4 Western blot检测TXNIP、NLRP3、DRP1、MFN1和MFN2蛋白的表达水平

“1.2项”分组(1)(3)细胞提取总蛋白,蛋白定量、变性后进行电泳、转膜、封闭处理,于4 ℃摇床孵育一抗过夜;次日二抗室温孵育后显影曝光,分析蛋白表达水平。以β‑actin蛋白作为内参,使用ImageJ软件对蛋白条带的灰度进行半定量分析。

1.5 抗氧化酶活性检测

将“1.2项”分组(1)细胞超声破碎制成悬液。严格按照试剂盒说明书测定GSH‑PX、SOD和细胞MDA的活性。

1.6 ELISA检测培养上清中IL‑18、IL‑1β含量

收取“1.2项”分组(1)细胞培养液,4 ℃ 1 000×g离心20 min取上清液。严格按照ELISA试剂盒操作,检测细胞上清液中IL‑18、IL‑1β含量。

1.7 MitoSOX Red探针检测线粒体内活性氧

取“1.2项”分组(2)细胞各加入含有1 μmol/L mitoSOX Red的基础培养液,于37 ℃孵育30 min,洗涤细胞后用4%多聚甲醛固定,DAPI染核,抗荧光淬灭剂封片后置于荧光显微镜下拍照分析。

1.8 免疫荧光

取“1.2项”分组(2)细胞,用4%多聚甲醛固定,0.1% Triton破膜,山羊血清封闭后加入一抗4 ℃过夜。次日加入荧光二抗,DAPI染核,抗荧光淬灭剂封片后置于荧光显微镜下拍照分析。

1.9 细胞转染

TXNIP shRNA和对照shRNA质粒由上海吉凯基因科技有限公司合成。细胞提前16 h接种于6孔培养板,按照说明使用Lipofectamine 3000 (美国 Invitrogen)转染HK‑2并孵育48 h。将转染后的细胞按照“1.2项”分组(3)中处理后,收集细胞进行实验。

1.10 统计学处理

实验数据采用GraphPad Prism 9.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料以x¯±s表示。满足正态分布及方差齐性的,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析。P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 Cana对HK‑2细胞增殖的影响

使用不同浓度的Cana干预HK‑2细胞24 h, CCK‑8结果显示,Cana浓度在10 μmol/L及以下时对细胞的增殖无明显影响,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(图1)。因此本实验选取1、3、10 μmol/L 3个安全浓度观察Cana对高糖诱导HK‑2氧化应激损伤的影响。

2.2 Cana缓解高糖诱导的氧化应激和炎性损伤,并抑制TXNIP/NLRP3信号通路上调

GSH‑PX、SOD和MDA检测结果(表1)显示,与NG组比较,HG组GSH‑PX和SOD活性明显降低(P<0.01),MDA含量增加(P<0.01)。与HG组比较,不同浓度Cana能增加GSH‑PX和SOD活性(P<0.05),降低MDA含量(P<0.01)。ELISA结果显示,与NG组比较,HG组细胞上清液中的IL‑1β、IL‑18含量明显升高(P<0.01)。与HG组比较,中高剂量组Cana上清液中IL‑1β、IL‑18的含量降低(P<0.01)(表2)。Western blot结果显示,与NG组比较,HG组TXNIP和NLRP3蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.01),Cana下调二者蛋白表达水平(P<0.05)(图2A~C)。

2.3 Cana减少高糖诱导的线粒体活性氧累积

MitoSOX Red染色结果显示,与NG组比较,HG组线粒体活性氧水平升高,Cana降低高糖诱导的活性氧的累积(图3)。

2.4 Cana抑制高糖诱导的线粒体分裂、促进线粒体融合

Western blot结果显示,与NG组比较,HG组分裂蛋白DRP1的表达水平明显上调(P<0.01),线粒体融合蛋白MFN1和MFN2下调(P<0.05)。与HG组比较,不同浓度Cana能下调DRP1(P<0.01),上调MFN1和MFN2的表达(P<0.05)(图4A~D)。DRP1与mitotracker免疫荧光共染结果显示,Cana能减少高糖促进的DRP1在线粒体的定位(图5)。

2.5 沉默TXNIP抑制高糖条件下线粒体分裂,促进线粒体融合

Western blot结果显示,与转染对照组比较,沉默TXNIP后,高糖不再上调NLRP3和DRP1蛋白水平,MFN1和MFN2蛋白水平也不再受到高糖抑制(图6A、B)。

3 讨论

本研究观察到Cana可以减轻高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞炎症反应、缓解氧化应激损伤、改善线粒体功能障碍及动力学异常,并可通过抑制TXNIP信号实现。

Cana在临床用于控制2型糖尿病患者血糖,对DKD患者有明显的肾脏保护作用,其核心作用机制是通过抑制肾近曲小管SGLT2,减少葡萄糖重吸收,促进尿糖排泄,从而降低机体血糖水平16。研究表明,高糖刺激可促进NLRP3炎症小体的激活,并触发IL‑18和IL‑1β的成熟和释放,进一步激活和放大肾脏炎症导致肾脏损伤17。本研究证实,Cana可减少高糖诱导的TXNIP和NLRP3蛋白在肾小管上皮细胞中的高表达,减少细胞培养上清中IL‑18和IL‑1β的含量,抑制炎症损伤,提高细胞抗氧化酶活性,降低氧化应激水平,减少线粒体活性氧累积,从而对肾小管上皮细胞起保护作用。上述研究结果提示Cana可通过TXNIP/NLRP3信号在DKD炎症、氧化应激损伤中发挥保护作用。

与本研究一致,有研究发现Cana不仅可减少炎症因子的表达延缓DKD18,还可通过减少高血糖诱导的活性氧产生,抑制氧化应激对肾小管上皮细胞的损伤作用19。活性氧增多诱发的氧化应激损伤和线粒体动力学紊乱是DKD发生过程中的重要特征。线粒体融合和裂变是修复受损线粒体的关键20,与自噬形成一个动态平衡,可以抑制受损线粒体在细胞内积聚、减少活性氧产生、减少突变mtDNA的累积和凋亡蛋白的释放2122。线粒体分裂蛋白DRP1的激活诱导其从细胞质转运到线粒体外膜,导致线粒体的收缩和分裂23。在肾小管上皮细胞中观察到,高糖条件下DRP1在细胞内表达水平升高,而且在线粒体的定位明显增多,而Cana可抑制高糖诱导的DRP1高表达,同时减少其在线粒体的定位以抑制线粒体分裂。线粒体融合蛋白MFN1和MFN2虽然具有80%的序列相似性,并包含同源功能域,但在参与疾病进展和调控方式上存在一定差异24。MFN1主要在融合前期促进线粒体间彼此结合,而MFN2主要在线粒体融合反应后期起作用,如促进线粒体融合,利于内膜对接等25。本研究观察到MFN1和MFN2线粒体融合蛋白均可被高糖抑制,高浓度Cana处理后可逆转其下调。因此,Cana可通过抑制线粒体分裂和促进线粒体融合,调节线粒体功能,促进受损的线粒体修复,总之Cana对线粒体功能障碍与线粒体动力学紊乱的调节有促进作用。DRP1蛋白受高糖的影响更明显,不同浓度的Cana能阻止肾小管上皮细胞中线粒体分裂,因此本研究推测改善线粒体动力学特征是Cana治疗DKD的有效途径之一,并且Cana的作用机制可能主要是通过影响线粒体分裂途径实现。

TXNIP在细胞质和线粒体中表达,高糖诱导TXNIP与NLRP3的直接相互作用,能促进NLRP3炎性小体组装26,在高糖刺激下的肾小管上皮细胞中NLRP3主要易位到线粒体27。随着线粒体功能障碍,抗氧化应激能力下降,氧化应激水平上升,导致活性氧产生过多2829。为进一步明确TXNIP与线粒体动力学的关系,本研究沉默TXNIP后发现,高糖刺激下分裂蛋白DRP1不再上调,而融合蛋白MFN1和MFN2亦不再下降。由此进一步证实TXNIP可能是Cana通过调控线粒体功能而改善肾小管上皮细胞损伤的关键分子信号。

本研究证实了Cana可以通过抑制TXNIP信号调控线粒体功能,从而改善肾小管上皮细胞炎症和氧化应激损伤来治疗DKD,为Cana在DKD的治疗提供实验支持。

作者贡献度说明:

王利、王浩:实验方案设计、论文指导与审校;周宇颖:细胞实验、指标检测、数据分析、论文撰写。

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突关系。

参考文献

[1]

Tuttle KRAgarwal RAlpers CEet al. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for diabetic kidney disease[J]. Kidney Int2022102(2): 248‑260.

[2]

Mazzieri APorcellati FTimio Fet al. Molecular targets of novel therapeutics for diabetic kidney disease: A new era of nephroprotection[J]. Int J Mol Sci202425(7):3969.

[3]

Yao LLiang XLiu Yet al. Non‑steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction via PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway in diabetic tubulopathy[J]. Redox Biol202368: 102946.

[4]

Xu FJiang HLi Xet al. Discovery of PRDM16‑mediated TRPA1 induction as the mechanism for low tubulo‑interstitial fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease[J]. Adv Sci (Weinh)202411(7): e2306704.

[5]

Jia CKe HCFei Xet al. Decoy receptor 2 mediation of the senescent phenotype of tubular cells by interacting with peroxiredoxin 1 presents a novel mechanism of renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Kidney Int202098(3): 645‑662.

[6]

Li NGao SGao Set al. Knockdown of thioredoxin interacting protein in muller cells attenuates photoreceptor apoptosis in streptozotocin‑induced diabetic mouse model[J]. Int J Biol Macromol2024271(Pt 2): 132731.

[7]

Song YGuo FZhao YYet al. Novel incRNA‑prader willi/angelman region RNA, SNRPN neighbour (PWARSN) aggravates tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis by regulating TXNIP via dual way in diabetic kidney disease[J]. Cell Prolif202356(2): e13349.

[8]

Ansari MYNovak KHaqqi TM. ERK1/2‑mediated activation of DRP1 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis in chondrocytes[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage202230(2): 315‑328.

[9]

Zeng XZhang YDMa RYet al. Activated Drp1 regulates p62‑mediated autophagic flux and aggravates inflammation in cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion via the ROS‑RIP1/RIP3‑exosome axis[J]. Mil Med Res20229(1): 25, 1‑17.

[10]

Marchi SGuilbaud ETait SWGet al. Mitochondrial control of inflammation[J]. Nat Rev Immunol202323(3): 159‑173.

[11]

Song YGuo FZhao Yet al. Verapamil ameliorates proximal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and fibrosis in diabetic kidney[J]. Eur J Pharmacol2021911: 174552.

[12]

De BIHKhunti KSadusky Tet al. Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: A consensus report by the american diabetes association (ADA) and kidney disease: Improving global outcomes (KDIGO)[J]. Diabetes Care202245(12): 3075‑3090.

[13]

Kidney Disease : Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO) Diabetes Work Group. KDIGO 2022 clinical practice guideline for diabetes management in chronic kidney disease[J]. Kidney Int2022102(5S): S1‑S127.

[14]

Winiarska AKnysak MNabrdalik Ket al. Inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic kidney disease: The targets for SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP‑1 receptor agonists[J]. Int J Mol Sci202122(19):10822.

[15]

Vallon VThomson SC. The tubular hypothesis of nephron filtration and diabetic kidney disease[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol202016(6): 317‑336.

[16]

van Bommel EJMMuskiet MHAvan Baar MJBet al. The renal hemodynamic effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin are caused by post‑glomerular vasodilatation rather than pre‑glomerular vasoconstriction in metformin‑treated patients with type 2 diabetes in the randomized, double‑blind RED trial[J]. Kidney Int202097(1): 202‑212.

[17]

Hu ZZhou YGao Cet al. Astragaloside Ⅳ attenuates podocyte apoptosis via regulating TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Diabetol Metab Syndr202416(1): 296.

[18]

Tian YChen XMLiang XMet al. SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate nephrin loss and enhance TGF‑beta(1) secretion in type 2 diabetes patients with albuminuria: A randomized clinical trial[J]. Sci Rep202212(1): 15695.

[19]

Prasad MKVictor PSGanesh GVet al. Sodium‑glucose cotransporter‑2 inhibitor suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy through Nrf2 signaling: A clinical and experimental study[J]. J Clin Pharmacol202464(10): 1193‑1203.

[20]

Zhang HFLiu HMXiang JYet al. Alpha lipoamide inhibits diabetic kidney fibrosis via improving mitochondrial function and regulating RXRd expression and activation[J]. Acta Pharmacol Sin202344(5): 1051‑1065.

[21]

Jiang YKrantz SQin Xet al. Caveolin‑1 controls mitochondrial damage and ROS production by regulating fission‑fusion dynamics and mitophagy[J]. Redox Biol202252: 102304.

[22]

Kalykaki MRubio‑Tomas TTavernarakis N. The role of mitochondria in cytokine and chemokine signalling during ageing[J]. Mech Ageing Dev2024222: 111993.

[23]

Ramonett AKwak EAAhmed Tet al. Regulation of mitochondrial fission by GIPC‑mediated Drp1 retrograde transport[J]. Mol Biol Cell202233(1): ar4,1‑13.

[24]

Gao SHu J. Mitochondrial fusion: The machineries in and out [J]. Trends Cell Biol202131(1): 62‑74.

[25]

Gordaliza‑Alaguero ISànchez‑Fernàndez-de‑Landa PRadivojevikj Det al. Endogenous interactomes of MFN1 and MFN2 provide novel insights into interorganelle communication and autophagy[J]. Autophagy202421(5): 957‑978.

[26]

Sbai ODjelloul MAuletta Aet al. AGE‑TXNIP axis drives inflammation in Alzheimer's by targeting Aβ to mitochondria in microglia [J]. Cell Death Dis202213(4): 302.

[27]

Han YXu XTang Cet al. Reactive oxygen species promote tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy: The role of the mitochondrial ros‑txnip‑nlrp3 biological axis[J]. Redox Biol201816: 32‑46.

[28]

Guo HFang TCheng Yet al. ChREBP‑β/TXNIP aggravates frucose‑induced renal injury through triggering ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells[J]. Free Radic Biol Med2023199: 154‑165.

[29]

Kusirisin PChattipakorn SCChattipakorn N. Contrast‑induced nephropathy and oxidative stress: Mechanistic insights for better interventional approaches[J]. J Transl Med202018(1): 400.

基金资助

上海市普陀区卫生健康系统临床特色专科建设项目(2021tszk02)

AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF (2146KB)

418

访问

0

被引

详细

导航
相关文章

AI思维导图

/