基于PERMA模型的混合式积极心理干预在高职护理专业学生中的应用
吴曼 , 肖娟 , 孙雪芹 , 井莉 , 邱振良
赣南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (02) : 146 -152.
基于PERMA模型的混合式积极心理干预在高职护理专业学生中的应用
Application of PERMA-based blended positive psychological intervention in higher vocational nursing students
目的 探究线上自助、线下互助混合模式积极心理干预对高职护理专业学生述情障碍、共情能力和生活满意度的影响。 方法 基于PERMA理论模型,经文献研究和积极心理专家咨询,构建干预方案。整群抽样法选取2024年4―6月安徽省某高职院校3个在校护理班级共145名护理专业学生,随机分为混合组(49人)、线上组(49人)和对照组(47人)。混合组进行为期14 d的积极心理干预包括在线自助练习和2次线下互助主题分享;线上组接受14 d的积极心理干预在线自助练习;对照组接受学校常规心理健康教育。在干预前、干预结束时、干预结束一个月后,使用多伦多述情障碍量表、人际反应指针量表中文版和生活满意度量表评估3组的述情障碍、共情能力和生活满意度。 结果 重复测量方差分析结果显示,3组述情障碍和生活满意度的组间主效应、时间主效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),共情能力的时间主效应及交互效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。简单效应结果显示,在干预结束一个月后,混合组和线上组在述情障碍、共情能力和生活满意度的改善程度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且混合组的共情水平高于线上组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。 结论 线上和混合式积极心理干预能够有效降低高职护理专业学生述情障碍水平,提升共情能力及生活满意度,具有持续追踪效果,其中混合模式在共情能力提升上显著优于纯线上模式。
Objective To explore the effects of a blended positive psychological intervention combining online self-help and offline mutual support on alexithymia, empathy, and life satisfaction among higher vocational nursing students. Methods Based on the PERMA theoretical model, an intervention scheme was constructed through literature review and consultation with positive psychology experts. From April to June 2024, a total of 145 nursing students from three classes at a higher vocational college in Anhui Province were selected through cluster sampling and randomly divided into three groups: the blended group (n=49), the online group (n=49), and the control group (n=47). The blended group received a 14-day positive psychological intervention consisting of online self-help exercises and two offline mutual assistance theme-sharing sessions; the online group received 14 days of online self-help exercises for positive psychological intervention; and the control group received routine mental health education provided by the school. Measurements were conducted at three time points: before the intervention, at the end of the intervention, and one month after the intervention, using the Toronto alexithymia scale, the interpersonal reactivity index-Chinese version, and the satisfaction with life scale. Inter-group differences among the three groups were compared. Results Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects of group and time, as well as significant interaction effects for alexithymia and life satisfaction (P <0.05). For empathy, significant main effect of time and significant interaction effect were found (P <0.05). Simple effect analysis showed that at one-month follow-up, the blended and online groups demonstrated significantly greater improvement in alexithymia, empathy, and life satisfaction compared with the control group (P <0.05). Furthermore, the blended group showed significantly higher empathy levels than these of the online group (P =0.042). Conclusion Both online and blended positive psychological interventions can effectively reduce alexithymia, enhance empathy, and improve life satisfaction among higher vocational nursing students, with sustained effects. The blended mode is significantly superior to the pure online mode in improving empathy.
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